Crisis And Issues Faced By Toyota Business Essay

Crisis And Issues Faced By Toyota Business EssayThis group project analyses the crisis and issues display case by Toyota move Corporation in late 2009 due to reports citing sudden unintended quickening because incorrect deck mat placing and awry(p) accelerator that saw 9 million of their vehicles takeed worldwide.With these factors, we will look at what started the crisis and how it could develop been prevented and solved. We will excessively put in a few of our recommendations that may help the crisis from hap again. COMPANY INTRODUCTIONIn 1933, being a division of Toyoda auto misdirecting(prenominal) Loom Works was when Toyota started. The imbeder of Toyota was Kiichiro Toyoda, the son of Sakichi Toyoda. Under Kiichiro Toyoda, Toyota contracted largely on the labor of automobiles.In his travels to Europe and the United States in 1929, Kiichiro Toyoda investigated motley automobile take and begun his research on gasoline-powered engines in 1930. With the encourag ement of the Nipp iodinse goernment, Toyodo Automatic Loom Works started to research and develop automobile outturn in hopes to increase sales agreements of domestic cars. Toyota Motor Corporation was found as an independent and separate social club in 1937. Toyota was committed to taketruck production for the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. The trucks had a simple design such has having one headlight in the sum of the hood.Today, Toyota is the seventh largest companionship in the world with production facilities in 28 nations around the world. Worldwide, it is as well the chip largest manufacturer of automobiles. In June 2006, Toyota had 52 overseas manufacturing companies in 27 countries outside Japan. Toyota markets vehicles in much than 170 countries and regions.ORGANISATIONAL social organisation The type of organizational structure adopted by Toyota Motors Corporation is divisional structure. Divisional Structure is made up of separate chore units o r divisions. Each of the divisions has a division manager who has authority over the unit and is responsible for performance. DESCRIPTION OF THE ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE Toyotas organizational structure is divided into quaternity levels namely the Chairman, President, administrator Vice President and Senior Managing Directors Toyota Motors Corporation is headed by Fujio Cho, the Chairman of the Comp all. The President, Akio Toyoda, reports directly to the Chairman and has authority over the executive delinquency president. Each of the Executive Vice Presidents has different atomic number 18as of responsibilities and has authority over their superior managing directors. These senior managing director report directly to the Executive Vice Presidents. Executive Vice President, Yukitoshi Funo is responsible for the consummation in Asia, Oceania, Middle East, Africa and Latin the States with the help of Senior Managing Director, Akira Okabe who is the caput officer (division man ager).Executive Vice President, Atsushi Nilmi assumes tariff over strategic production planning, production engineering and manufacturing. He over takes the operation in North the States and China with the help of Akira Sasaki, Senior Managing Director, who is the chief officer (division manager) for the China operation group.Yoshimi Inaba is the Chief Officer for the North America operation group. Satoshi Ozawa will assume responsibility over puzzle out in Europe with the help of Senior Managing director, Yoshimasa Ishii who is the chief officer for the Europe Operation group. The organizational structure adopted by Toyota is relevant to the organization. As Toyota commission is very much on quality, dependability and value, the organizational structure of Toyota has modifyd it to focus on both result and quality.The organizational structure also allows the headquarter round to focus on long term strategic planning and avail to product.DIAGRAM ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURECOMPA NY CULTURE One of Toyotas culture is impression orientation. The organization has strong beliefs in quality, dependability and valuewhich brings about the second culture of tutelage to detail. The organization depicts attention to detail by adopting normalisation of work in the manufacturing process. As the manufacturing processes ar standardized, Toyota was able to focus their attention on the detail which helps to ensure quality. 4This is in line with Toyotas culture of case orientation. The third culture is aggroup orientation. Toyota organized its workforce into teams and each team member is responsible for quality inspection, problem solving and generating ideas4 for unremitting improvement. The last culture of Toyota is innovation and risk taking. Throughout Toyotas history, the company has induce out many types of motor vehicle. As the company involves itself in a certain level of risk taking, it has become one of the asking creators of motor vehicle. However, some of the Toyotas culture may be responsible for the crisis that happens in 2009. Because of standardization of work, the process of manufacturing gets repeated over and over again, making the job work the appearance _or_ semblance boring. This will cause the worker to lose concentration which resulted in a lapse of quality. The culture of continuous improvement may also stick caused the crisis. As the company focuses on continuous improvement, they try out untested ideas that apply not been fully explored. For example to situate a intimacy a certain way to improve the vehicle further, however, they fail to see that the improvement made to the vehicle might cause a problem. For this instance, the incorrect installation of the floor mat that result in the accelerator getting stuck and create tragedy. In conclusion, Toyota still has a strong culture which has enable the company to become one of the most reputable companies for quality. THE CRISISIn late 2009, Toyota Motor Cor poration saw 9 million of their vehicles recalled due to reports that some(prenominal) vehicles experienced unintended acceleration. The sudden unintended acceleration (SUA) was the main crisis that Toyota faced causing a chain of reaction that resulted in a serial of other problems.Sudden unintended acceleration (SUA) occurs when the vehicle accelerates from a stationary position without the drivers intention or control. The reasons for it happening vary from driver actus reus to faulty car parts. However, in Toyotas case, it was assumed that due to a confine accelerator pedal when the drivers floor mat was incorrectly placed that caused the SUA. This assertion initiated the first recall on 2 November 2009. 5.2 million vehicles were affected. It was later found that a mechanical sticking of the accelerator pedal caused the unintended acceleration. other 2.3 million vehicles were recalled for that problem. 1.8 million vehicles were found to take a leak both the problems and were promptly recalled as well.In February 2010, a recall was also made for the hybrid anti-lock brake softw be. Although this was a recall different from the initial incorrect placement of the floor mat, it affected Toyotas image and brand name worldwide.With the scotch d featureturn in 2009, Toyota faced a further financial problem with the recalls of the faulty vehicles. This resulted in the many jobs lost and shares plummeting in value by 15%.On 28 August 2009, Mark Saylor, an off-duty California Highway Patrol Officer, was impulsive on the highway with his family when his car, a Lexus ES350 unexpectedly accelerated without control. Upon collision with another(prenominal) car, it descended down an embankment and caught fire. One of the passengers called 911 while the car was speeding at over 100mph, reporting that the car has no brakes. All four were killed in the crash. Reports from Toyota and local authorities showed that the Lexus may have the wrong floor mats installed, causing it to meddle with the gas pedal. (motortrend.com/features//index.html)Further complaints stated that other several vehicles also experienced the SUA. Reports showed that these vehicles had a defect acceleration pedal. The vehicles affected were the Prius, Prius Plug in, Sei and Lexus HS 250h. pastime the reports of faulty vehicles, falling consumer confidence on the Toyota brand and the fact that Toyota was trying to recover from the economic crisis of 2009, the company faced declining sales and decided on the suspension of sales for models of the affected cars and closed down six factories. This resulted in the loss of more than 6000 jobs.PROBLEMS LEADING TO THE CRISISIt has been suggested that due to Toyotas rapid take onth and neediness to be the top between year 2000 and 2009, was the root problem that lead to the faulty vehicles and subsequently, the recall. The rapid growth and building of 17 new production sites as well as the over reliance on engine room caused T oyota to forgo quality checks for some of their cars.Managers essential aware of fast engineering science like equipment, tools or operating method that are designed to make work more efficient.Wakatsuki, a former assembly worker colligate how Toyota tested the safety and quality of only(prenominal) 60% of the cars produced. In the past, every(prenominal) car went through stringent checks and testing.Toyota didnt look into customer complaints and acted too in arrears when safety complaints came in. There were suspicions that Toyota knew about the faulty vehicles as early as September 2009, however, they only acted on the problems in January 2010.The organization should demonstrate well-disposed Responsible Actions. There are the social Responsibility, mixer Obligation and genial Responsiveness. Social responsibility mean if the corporation must admit the shift if they do something wrong. Such as milk powder that was sold by China. As it added Melamine in the milk powder. ALTERNATIVESTO RESOLVE CRISISThe main crisis was faulty acceleration pedals. Toyota decided that the best way to rectify the problem was to have the faulty vehicles recalled for repairs and proper checking. However, the decision to recall was not made instantaneously when there were early reports about the problem. There were reports stating that Toyota knew of the problems in September 2009 although the recall was only initiated on January 2010.While we agree that the recall was a heartfelt solution, it would have been better for Toyota to tackle the faulty vehicles the moment complaints started coming in. The company should not have tried to hide the reports in order to render their branding. Rectifying the problem immediately would have definitely prevented further problems and possible accidents. It would have also restored consumer confidence knowing that Toyota was prompt in reporting a problem with the cars and had plans to fix the problem.It was good to know that Toyota s uspended sales and productions of the vehicle models that were suspected to be faulty, preventing more complaints and declining consumer confidence. Toyota admitted that for the past few years, they have been expanding its business rapidly and this growth has proven to be too quick for them. They may have over looked the priority of safety, quality and volume. All these according to Toyota have made them become confused. 6RECOMMENDATIONSAlthough Toyota were eager to expand their business and grow their production, its critical that they keep their quality and safety in check. To meet the emergence demand of their cars, Toyota might choose to open a plant in a country that allows the company to save costs on production and manpower. However, they have to ensure that qualified and skilled technicians are recruited to affirm that the cars produced are of good quality and safe for driving. The corporation must adopt Single-use intent during this critical time. This is a one-time plan which specifically designed to meet the necessarily of a unique situation.Toyota may rely on new engine room to help with the production of the vehicles. Although it may be cost efficient, it may not always be the best choice. Over reliance on engineering science was what caused the faulty acceleration pedals as Toyota took for granted the safety of the cars.Technicians would have make proper testing and safety checks have been done prior to the sale of the vehicle. There might have been some oversight by the checks done by machines. Manually checking of the vehicles would ensure that nothing is out of place.As the company is steadily growing, it should not forsake the employees welfare and health. Should employees be overworked, especially those in the production line, man errors may occur that will compromise on the quality of the car. With the recalls, technicians will be kept busy with repairs on the numerous vehicles. Overworked, fatigue will set in causing occasional huma n errors that may have been avoidable. Managers need to ensure that employees are given the right(a) amount of work load and clearly explain the expectations needed for the work. Managers should also arrange a discussion with the non-managerial employees for their feedback on their work load.Should the work load be too much for the technicians to handle, Toyota can look into employing workers on a contract basis. This allows the work load to be divided equally and when things are under control, the contract staff will be relieved of their duties. Toyota should have Family-Friendly Benefits that provide a wide range of scheduling that allow employees more flexibility at work and accommodation theirs needs for work and sustenance balance. The various teams in Toyota should practice better interaction. This way, problems faced in one team can be shared and discussed to maximize on the plans to face the problems. Toyota should also make it a point not to have any secrets or hidden age nda between teams and realize that the different teams are working towards a common goal making Toyota a victorious company.Manager needs to know the Parochialism. Managers only see things through their own eyes and from their own perspective. Different countries have different values, morals, customs, political and economic systems and laws. All these can affect the managing of the business.If a team faces consumer complaints, they must be quick to address it and not hide from the upper management and other teams. This is to prevent the problem from escalating and turning it to another crisis. This is known as Social Responsibility.When the vehicle model is a success to the consumers, the company should reward the employees for the work done. The rewards can be in monetary forms or organizing activities such as sewing classes, sports activities or a short holiday trip. This not only allows employees to distress, it also enables bonding. The recognition of good work will motivate t he employees to filter out harder in their job to give their best for the company. This is known as Social Responsiveness.Managers of Toyota should set Goals and develop Plans. The Traditional Goals were set by top managers and fly the coop down through the organization and become sub-goals for each organizational area. And it must be a short-term plan with a time rove of one year to solve the crisis.

Urinary Incontinence and Social Isolation

urinary Incontinence and Social IsolationBeverly Phelps nipUrinary head trip is passage of vesica control, that one in each 25 million Ameri substructures fargon with on a daily basis, and it discharge mean anyaffair from a slight leak to complete inability to conserve control. (Chris Lliades, 2009)Discuss the mixer concerns associated with head trip. What treat interventions would be appropriate to assist a patient who is experiencing social isolation as a result of dissoluteness? Include community resources, as appropriate.Many women, at one set up of demeanor or a nonher, experience that annoying leakage of urine when their vesica is too full, and/or when laughing, running, jumping, or sneezing. For somewhat it occurs after childbirth when completely of those muscles down in the pelvic region ar stretched go forth and recovering. For others, it occurs afterwards in life with the change of endocrines and loss of estrogen. There are tether most common types of self-gratification. Stress incontinency occurs when you put stress or pressure on your bladder with coughing, sneezing, or running. Urge head trip happens when you waste the immediate urge to urinate and fuelt seem to confuse it. Mixed is a combination of both. Urine is specifically kept in the bladder until you are ready to use the bathroom, however if the detrusor muscle and urethra arent behaving like they should, you leak. Improved My Health Changed My Life Saved My Life look for suggests that 30 to 40 percent of women 60 years and older deal with incontinence. Risk factors include pregnancy, multiple births, menopause, obesity, diabetes, certain autoimmune assigns, prolapse, abdominal surgery, diuretics, anxiety, and buttock damage to the mid-low back, bladder infections, overactive bladder, inability to urinate regularly when needed, and stimulants such as coffee/soda/chocolate. Evaluation by your health keeping provider, or a specialist called an Urogynecologic, lo ts involves a full inhalation surrounding the situations in which you are incontinent, your history, musics, and pregnancy history. A vaginal animal(prenominal) exam is important to assess for proper anatomy and then test whitethorn be needed such as a hormone testing, urinalysis (to look for infection), a bladder stress test, an ultrasound of your kidneys/bladder/ureters, or cystoscopy (a scope inside your bladder). Treatment depends on what they find. It may be something like pelvic floor physical therapy where you learn how to do a proper Kegel exercise and recruit all of your muscles, not just the pie-eyed ones. It may require bladder retraining, hormone evaluation, weight loss coaching, or surgery in some cases (Jones, 2011)Psycho-Social Issues of Adult IncontinenceIncontinence is not a disease but symptom of an underlying problems. Urinary incontinence is viewed as a hidden tick off that is secreted by umpteen and often feared due to loss of independence and quality of life. Often underreported Incontinence is associated with a social stigma. The stigma tends to be negative rather than positive. Many various(prenominal)s are broken to talk around the problem In North the States incontinence is the major reason for nursing home placement. -Approximately 45-70% of residents in nursing home have incontinence. Urinary incontinence affects 15-30% in the community backcloth and affects up to 50% in long-term care. Only 25% of the universe of discourse result discuss this problem with a provider. 60% of this individuals will head off physical activity One study cited 2-64% had sexual dysfunction, and 28% will not seek treatment (Sue Reif, 2012)Easing the excited Effects of Urinary IncontinenceLoss of bladder control basin leave an individual constantly worried about inapt accidents. Managing urinary incontinence symptoms provide help boost your confidence. (3) Urinary incontinence screwing have a major impact on your personal, social, and pro fessional lives, especially when a loss of bladder control results in an embarrassing accident. There can be significant social issues with urinary incontinence, says Roger Dmochowski, MD, professor of urology at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn. Theres fear of embarrassment and hygiene issues, and there can be withdrawal from normal social behavior. more or less people cant work because of this disruption. Urinary incontinence emotional effects Doctors crown out that the emotional effects of urinary incontinence can be as significant and far-reaching as those of any chronic condition. Urinary incontinence has been shown to have a severe impact on quality of life, quasi(prenominal) to other chronic diseases, such as Alzheimers disease, stroke, and emphysema, says Leslie Rickey, MD, an urologist at the University of Maryland medical exam examination focalise in Baltito a greater extent. However, there are ways to manage urinary incontinence and boost confidence so that you can enjoy social activities again without worrying about embarrassing accidents. Urinary Incontinence The Emotional Effects Worrying about loss of bladder control and embarrassing accidents causes many people with urinary incontinence to collapse participating in everyday activities. Many individuals, especially older people with urge incontinence, stop exercising or going out with friends and stay at home, says Dr. Rickey. young women may stop jogging, and women may stop gardening because squatting can be a problem. People stop traveling and swimming, and even lead off avoiding intercourse. For many people with incontinence, engaging in certain activities involves a jibe of obstacles. First, its a logistical challenge to manage the symptoms of urinary incontinence when youre on the go, away from bathrooms, or doing an activity that puts pressure on your bladder. Say its an older person who relies on a hatful or a van and has no other way to vex places, says Rickey. For th ese people, not being able to get off the bus and to a bathroom can be a problem. Then there are the emotional concerns. The loss of bladder control can cause stress, anxiety, and embarrassment. (Sue Reif, 2012) ways to Boost ConfidenceYou can boost confidence about your condition by purpose effective ways to manage the symptoms. Techniques like clock voiding, not drinking too much fluid at once, doing pelvic floor muscle contractions these can all help, says Rickey. You can also hold out around a change of clothes and wear light pads. acquire symptoms under control can help you carry on with your life with confidence. Some individuals may have dramatic improvements and can re-embark on many activities, says Dr. Dmochowski. These tips can help you manage the fears and anxieties of urinary incontinence come int accept incontinence as inevi instrument panel. Many people think that urinary incontinence is a normal part of aging or childbearing, so they dont bother getting treatmen t for it. However, even though urinary incontinence is common, it is not normal, says Rickey. Dont view your urinary incontinence as unchangeable. Theres almost an acceptance of the condition, a fatal resignation, says Dmochowski. quite of acceptance, consider aggressive management flip the negativity and create a positive-looking approach. Changing your way of thinking will do even more than boost confidence, says Dmochowski. It will also help you better manage your urinary incontinence symptoms. Talk openly about your urinary incontinence with your doctor. Some people may simply feel too embarrassed about their loss of bladder control to discuss it with their doctor. It might be because they incorrectly believe that it cant be tough. People think that secret code can be done, or it can only be treated with intensive surgery, says Rickey. I reassure people that there are treatments. Its important to talk about your symptoms, especially with your health care provider. Dont give up. Managing the loss of bladder control and learning how to embrace embarrassing accidents is an ongoing process. Urinary incontinence is a chronic condition not something that is cured after a few days of medication but there are many options available to you. If one thing doesnt work, keep trying different approaches, advises Dmochowski. We are continually finding new treatments, new types of drugs. 1.Seek support. Talk about your urinary incontinence with your family and friends both to get support and to know you are not alone. Since an estimated 30 percent of women report an incidence of urine leakage at some point, its likely that someone you know has also experienced the problem, says Rickey. It may not be what you talk about at the dinner table with the kids, but you must feel comfortable talking about it. 2. endure the facts. Go online and look up how common it is, says Rickey. 3. Do a detailed research. Sites such as the American Urogynecologic Societys Mypelvichealth.o rg are trustworthy sources of information. You can gain confidence and get motivation to seek out help, says Rickey. 4. Dont be embarrassed. View your urinary incontinence as what it is, a chronic medical condition. Its not something to be embarrassed about, any more than someone who has high blood pressure would be embarrassed, Rickey says. No longer a taboo topic, urinary incontinence can and should be discussed openly, at least with your doctor, so that you can find the medical treatments that will help you better manage the condition and its emotional effects. (Lee, 2010)BibliographyChris Lliades, M. (2009, frightful 31). Urinary Incontinence Resources. Retrieved from everyday health http//www.everydayhealth.com/urinary-incontinence/incontinence-resources.aspxJones, D. C. (2011, June 03). Experiencing Incontinence? Retrieved from Empow Her http//www.empowher.com/urinary-incontinence/content/experiencing-incontinenceLee, K. (2010, princely 03). Easing the Emotional Effects of Urinary Incontinence. Retrieved from http//www.everydayhealth.com/health-report/urinary-incontinence/emotional-effects-of-urinary-incontinence.aspxSue Reif, M. C. (2012). Psycho-Social Issues of Adult Incontinence. Retrieved from Center for Connected Care http//my.clevelandclinic.org/ccf/media/files/Digestive_Disease/woc-spring-symposium-2013/psycho-social-issues-related-to-incontinence.pdf

Ethical Theories Of Business

estim adapted Theories Of Business respectable scheme studies disparate philosophies or clays employ to apologise and make judgments regarding correctly/wrong/ levelheaded/ blue. It ch ei on that pointnges to bring in clarity, substance, and clearcutness of argument into the area of holiness. They also dispute on how we should order military close to wizardnel in our shapeions. honourable theories suggest defense for judgment regarding the virtuousity or im chasteity of dos, and they provide a basis for carrys about moral obligations. Ethical theories are base on the estimable doctrines. They apiece highlight different features of an ethical dilemma and direct to the around ethically approved conclusiveness according to the guiding principle within the ethical guess itself. by and large ethical principles stem from ethical theories, and when defending a particular run, ethicists unremarkably appeal to these principles, not the under craft theory. Et hical theory is app lied to the philosophic examination, from a moral standpoint, of particular issues in private and public brooklihood that are subject of moral judgment. It is thus a term used to describe attempts to use philosophical methods to identify the morally correct line of descent of action in various fields of human life. This es differentiate soon explains the purpose of an ethical theory and why no more than superstar ethical theory can be right. It outlines the blots the two ethical theories. It promote discusses on claim So long as a businesss actions are level-headed and accepted by consumers and shareholders, the actions can be considered ethically good. last it outlines and illustrates one criticism that an opponent might level at each of the ethical theories.Ethical theories and principles are the foundation of ethical analysis as they guide along the pathway to a decision. Purpose of ethical theories signals that how we should cherish and treat hum an existences in our actions and proposes essential rea password to considers an action to be ethically good or bad. Ethical theory highlights different points such(prenominal) as predicting the outcome and following duties in order to reach an ethically truthful decision. Ethical theory attempts to answer the fundamental practical ethical question of What ought I to do? and How ought I live? It offers the fundamental justification for judgment in relation to the morality or immorality of actions, and provides a basis for claims about moral obligations (The Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, 2009, mental faculty 1 p.20). These principles/roles of ethical theories are the common goals that they try to achieve in order to be successful. This goal includes beneficence, least harm, respect for shore leave and justice. The principle of beneficence directs ethical theory to do what is good, which should attempt to engender the largest proportionality of good over evil. The principle of least harm states that a person should choose least harm possible which harms the fewest masses. Respect for autonomy states that people should be allowed to make decisions of their lives which applies them and justice affirm that justice should be tolerable and actions to be fair for those who are voluminous.thither are some(prenominal) varieties of ethical theories to choose from in a business ethics surround however only one ethical theory could suite a particular environment at that instance. This is for the crusade that all theories guide been authentic by unique philosophers. Ethicists and people who generally apply these theories could also have different ideas of how to answer questions such as What is the right way to act in this internet site?, What makes this the right way to act in this situation? and How should I act in general so as to live a good life? (The Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, 2009, module 1 p.27,28). All theories convey a different idea on why a n action counts as ethically good or bad. Lets say for instance we take utilitarianism and Kantian moral theory, utilitarianism argues that moral importance of an action lies on the predictable consequences of the action where as kantian moral theory emphasizes on the moral importance of an action lies in the principle of the persons action. For physical exercise a person steals $100 from a billionaire and uses that money to feed 40 hungry kids on street, utilitarianism exit mate that it is morally a good liaison as it produces greater happiness. However, kantian theory would argue that stealth money from someone is wrong as this willing break the juristicity even though it will help 40 hungry kids.Ethical theories purposes are based on above ethical principles. Two ethical theories in this course which I have chosen to discuss comprehensively are utilitarianism and kantian moral theory.Utilitarianism ethical theory proposes that moral deserving of actions should be judged by its utility in providing happiness or suffering, compared with the union of happiness or suffering likely to be caused by secondary actions (The Open Polytechnic of New Zealand, 2009, Module 1 p.20). It is one of the more functional and commonly used theories today which is also sometimes called consequentialism. Utilitarianism is hygienic kn knowledge by the phrase the superior good for the greatest lean of people which utter that the moral right action is the one that is nigh likely to maximize happiness, bearing in mind that equally interests of all affected by it, no matter who these people are. For example, a see lies at the court house that the victim murdered a person. As the victim would have been sentenced, there would have been no one go away to take care of his three kids. Under utilitarianism, this was morally the right thing for the witness to do as the result have benefited more people. There are two sorts of utilitarianism, which are act and rule utilitaria nism. Act utilitarianism is most(prenominal)ly what described above where a person suffices the acts that benefits the most people. Rule utilitarianism uses the akin principle of benefiting the most people but through the beauteousness and most just means available. This add extra value to rule utilitarianism as it adds value justice and general rules opus including the benefits greatest happiness principles. matchless benefit of this ethical theory is that utilitarian can match up similar predicted solutions and draw on a point system to look which choice is more beneficial for more people. It compares the likely good and bad consequences of one action with the likely good and bad consequences of the alternative action.Kantian moral theory is a deontological ethical theory which came from a Greek word meaning duty. Deontological theory is an approach to ethics that judges the morality of an action based on the actions adherence to rule or rules (Wikipedia, 2010). It holds that most important reflections of lives are governed by certain unbreakable. This ethical theory is based on the idea that we all have a duty to perform certain things and not to perform certain things. Rules should not be baffled even if breaking them may improve an outcome. For example, if some one says lying is always wrong in principle than it is morally wrong to lie to people even though it could have produced better consequences. It does not grammatical construction at how much good will cause by an action, alternatively they look at the action itself and then decide whether it is prohibited or complete mandatory by one of their rules. Deontologists have very starchy approach on the words, right and good. Right has to do with actions. Good has to do through outcomes. Good can be m whatever things such as pleasure, happiness, harmony, wealth and so on. Deontological moral theory also seems to be veneration about respect for rational humanity as an important aspect of mo ral importance. It sees all people as having fundamental moral value in virtue of being rational being. We must examine the principles of action to notice whether it shows respect for rational humanity or not. To check whether our actions satisfy the definite imperative to respect rational humanity, Kant moral theory necessitate two question which is can we rationally will that this principle should travel a universal law for everybody and are we treating persons as end in themselves, or solely as a means to an end . mechanical drawing on the following claim that So long as a businesss actions are legal and accepted by consumers and shareholders, the actions can be considered ethically good.Utilitarianism involves an equal and impartial consideration of interest. Equal and impartial means that someone can not only consider the greatest good for the company, the overall greatest good should be considered which will benefit everyone affected by the action. In general, Utilitaria nism is not bounded by any rules or regulations to determine the moral obligations. Its moral worth of action is solely determined by its involvement of overall utility. Overall utility arises when the good consequences are maximized and proficiently achieving happiness or pleasure versus lack of suffering or pain. Utilitarianism will deal with this claim by overlooking the legal aspect and will spotlight on the consequences, which is in this case are the consumers and shareholders. Utilitarianism will reiterate the claim that business actions are acceptable if it maximizes the benefits of consumers and shareholders. However, rule utilitarianism will argue that the action is morally acceptable for the reason that the business is following its legal obligations and at the same time, the consequences is benefiting the consumers and shareholders. Rule utilitarianism takes account of the legal business actions and concerns with the fairness of consumers and shareholders in this situati on.Kantian moral theory will see the claim differently than what utilitarianism has stated above. Kantian theory states that actions are morally right in virtue of their motives, which must derive more from duty than from free fall (Beauchamp Bowie, 2004). It is a theory that is restrained by rules and regulations and it saw people as having essential moral value since they are rational being. It sees all people as morally important as an end and never treats them as a means to an end. In the claim that business actions are legal and acceptable by consumers and shareholders, Kantian moral theory will agree that the action is ethically good. This is for the reason that the consumers and shareholders are treated appropriately while also taking account of the legal business actions. Kantian moral theory idea is that actions to be morally acceptable, it is required to be able to be made a universal law without opposing its own principle. Unlike utilitarianism, kantian moral theory dis regard the consequences of the actions when coming to a decision of right or wrong as it determines the moral truth on principles behind the action.Kantian moral theory and other theories point out utilitarianism theory that it suffers from numerous problems. Particularly, one criticism which I would like to consider consideration discussing is that utilitarianism theory is the treatment of minorities against major(ip)ities. Majority of opponents argue that utilitarian position can be unfair to the minorities. This is because utilitarianism embraces that actions that cause suffering to minority in order to benefit majority are morally good. This legal system in utilitarianism punishes the behavior of the minority even though the minority company might not be guilty. For example, a wealthy man named crimp residing in a small town who owns a company. This company is the major source of employment for the town people. One night, Kriss son caught up with a fight with other 3 boys of the same town. The police found that Kriss son was drunk and police found him at fault. Kris came to the police lieu and told the police that his son is innocent and if the police will lay any charges on his son, he will fire the 3 employees whose son were involved in this fight. Utilitarianism will argue that if this action will be taken, there will be more suffer and pain for the three families as the main source of income for survival will vanish. Taking the principle of greatest good for greatest number of people, utilitarianism theory will let go Kriss son. This is just an example where the minorities suffer even though they might not be wrong sometimes. This can also be said that in a similar situation described above, people could sometimes open their human rights as utilitarianism theory only looks ate the result of the action and which party or action could make greater benefits for majorities.Kantian moral theory also has drawbacks mention by other ethical theories such as utilitarianism. One of the most common criticisms of kantian moral theory is that this theory ignores the consequences. It denies the moral importance of the likely consequences of any action. In some situations, it just focuses on the rules and regulations a person should follow and disturbingly disregards the consequences. For example, a chap went to buy some chocolate for his kid at the nearby shop. While returning home, accompanied by his wife and boy, some new-fangled youth attack him for some money. While in the clash, one of the thugs pound his wife. The man thought that they might also kill him and his son so he threw a beer bottle which he obtains near by to one of the thug and that stroked is head really hard. He garbed his son and fly to near by police station. When the police came to the incident, they also found other person dead in that scene. He explained the whole story to the police and then the police started its investigation. Under kantian theory, the man will be sentenced for life as any person who kills another person is being sentenced for life. Kantian moral theory here just looked at the rules and comes with the germane(predicate) action needed to be taken ignore the consequences and leaving the investigation. teaching of ethical theories argues that how we should value and treat human beings in our actions and proposes essential reason to considers an action to be ethically good or bad. Two ethical theories covered in this discussion were Utilitarianism and Kantian moral theory. Both theories sustain their benefits and criticism. It is difficult to address that one theory is better than the other as both theories could come right depending of the situation and circumstances.

The Environmental Impacts Of Transportation Environmental Sciences Essay

The Environmental Impacts Of dose Environmental Sciences Essayoer the years, the development of road networks across the world has undoubtedly contributed squ argonly to the changing of the landscape. Clearly those involved in all aspects of the design and construction of roads go away be very aw be of the, often emotive, issues that surround this extremely visible intrusion into the inhering environment. According to Alo (2008) Central to any useful urban settlement is the level and extent of its menu network. Road, rail and body of water systems constitute the modes of transport that have been fully exploited by orbit urban cities around the globe to facilitate the complete integration of the conf employ segments of their economy thus stimulating development. Since these systems are not isolated, int periodction amongst them and the environment often lead to not too beneficial consequences. Although, cities constitute key roles in the development makees, they are, in general, productive places that make more than a proportionate contribution to national economic growth. However, the very process of urban growth often brings with it declension in surrounding environmental conditions. As a locus for population growth, commercialised and industrial activity, cities endure energy and re germ use and waste generation to the point that two man-made and natural systems are overloaded and the capacities to manage these systems are overwhelmed. This patch is exacerbated with rapid urban population growth. ( mob, 2009) Urban systems and services (e.g., water supply, sanitation, unexclusive transport and roads) are increasingly congested due to population, commercial and industrial growth coupled with poor urban management. Natural resources (water, air, forests, minerals, land) vital to the cities economic development and to future generations are lost or misused done inappropriate urban policies. The radius of shock of cities on resources lyi ng remote beyond their boundaries is steadily increasing. Furthermore, urban areas are inundated in their feature wastes and choked on their own emissions as a result of piteous befoulment control and waste management policies and practices.According to the Ameri buns hunting lodge of Civil Engineers (2005), the degradation of passage networks due to poor maintenance, natural disasters, deterioration over time, in addition to unforeseen attacks, leads to estimates of $94 billion in the United States of needed repairs for roads alone. Moreover, in a unfermented era of climate change, it is expected, as documented in numerous studies (cf. National discernment Team (2001), US Department of Transportation (2002), Smith and Levasseur (2002), Zimmerman (2003), Arkell and Darch (2006), Schulz (2007)), that the degradation of decisive infrastructure, including transportation networks, can be expected to increase. At the same time, emissions generated by transportation are some of t he biggest contributors to climate change and global warming.In Nigeria, the most developed of systems is road transportation with the roads mainly great in the various state capitals and inter-state main roads. Projects limited to road rehabilitation, maintenance, minor construction, as well as to traffic management and regulation un the like new road construction, generally involve lesser environmental concerns. The roads are often constructed with no provision whatsoever to address problems such(prenominal) as the runoff quality vehicle emissions and other probable consequences of the road users activities. (Alo, 2008) therefrom it is not unusual to find roads of mainly flushed shoulder waiver through residential hubs, industrial estates and farmlands and since roads and pass surfaces are impervious, they serve up as temporary sinks for various types of pollutants which are washed off during pelting as runoff them to the proximate environment. Pollution from non-point sour ces such as highway runoff has therefore continued to be a major source of concern for environmental regulatory bodies and other stakeholders the world over as they contribute to the pollutant load of the receiving environment, in most cases the water bodies and farmlands. This according to James (2009), results to a gradual degradation of the receiving water quality and an eventual harm of the beneficial uses of such receiving environment. It is against these backdrops that this research work strives to investigate and explore the judgement of the environmental impact of the degradation of transportation network infrastructure in the form of roads. The research study therefore focuses on selected leafy vegetables in Ilorin East local judicature.1.2 Statement of the problemVehicles serve as a direct and an indirect source of pollutants on the highways through normal exercise and wear and via the deposition of solid materials picked up from the inner roads onto the highway surfa ces respectively. Consequently, increased traffic volume tends to lead to increase in the tote up of pollutants around the highway environment. (Alo, 2008) Thus busy spots on the highway have been observed to be characterized by poor runoff qualities pollutant enriched roadside soil and obnoxious atmosphere. The resulting environmental damages or costs menace the continued productivity of cities and the health and quality of life of its citizens. Cities have dumbfound major environmental hot spots that pressingly require supernumerary attention in regional and in all environmental preparedness and management at the metropolitan regional scale.The Nigerian situation is upgrade exacerbated by the reality of increasing large-scale importation of old/ fair used vehicles for use on the Nigerian highways. An Urban centre such as Ilorin has a wide network of roads which mostly tie it numerous canals and the lagoon. Thus the need to identify, quantify and mitigate potential pollutant s as a result of the transportation activities on these roads and highways is most necessary. This is wherefore a research like this becomes fundamentally imperative for the sake of inhabitants of Ilorin metropolitan cities.1.3 Objectives of the studyThe overall purpose of this research work is to investigate the environmental impacts of transportation in Ilorin metropolitan city. The study therefore is undertaken with the following proper(postnominal) objectivesTo examine the extent to which transportation system of activities can impact on the atmospheric condition.To identify factors resulting from urban transportation activities capable of environmental pollution and degradation in the area under study.To come up with significant recommendation on how to mend environmental health through Transportation Projects that are environmentally-friendly1.4 Research QuestionsIn a bid to achieve the higher up stated objectives this research work forget be designed to go forth answer s to the following questionsTo what extent can transportation systems or activities significantly impact on the atmospheric condition of the studied environment?In environmental education, how educated are drivers, trader in the studied ballparks?Do location of motor parks has anything to do with noise pollution in the club?Are there facilities for good management of transportation in the studied park?In what significant way can we improve on our environmental health through and reduce hazards that come from transportation activities?1.5 Research HypothesesFor the purpose of this proposed research work, the following research hypothesis (Null) are formulated for statistical testingH0 1 There is no significant relationship between transportation and environmental health in Ilorin East.H0 2 Transportation activities do not negatively affect the atmospheric conditions of the natural environment.H0 3 There is no significant ways through which environmental hazards can be prevented in Ilorin metropolitan city.1.6 Significance of the storyThe returns to be derived in determining the environmental impacts of transportation in our society are immeasurable. Its benefits in enhancing universal health and reduction of environmental hazards will be monumental. An important justification for this proposed study is that it will help ensnare the link between transportation activities and the state of human environment in Ilorin, Kwara State. It will also show us the degree to which the former can affect the latter in Nigeria. Apart from these, a study like this will serve as a book of reference to students/scholars, commercial bus companies, transport workers, politicians and road managers, who might want to further study and understand environmental impact of transportation in Nigeria.Furthermore, conclusion reached in this proposed research work will serve as a quartz guide to Government, political policy makers, ministers for road and transportation and motor park chair persons in Nigeria to identify which elements of policy area need urgent modification and which is not.This proposed study is also justified on the ground that it will serve as a frontier of knowledge to upcoming researchers who are willing to carry out similar research work.1.7 Scope of the StudyThe scope of this research work will limit to examining the environmental impacts of transportation in Ilorin, Kwara State. The study therefore focuses on Ilorin East Local governing are of Kwara State. The choice of Ilorin East Local Government is attributable to the gubbins it promises in the conduct of the field work and fact that the local government is a metropolitan city which tend to have more run motor parks than others in Ilorin. These includeABC motor parkXYZ motor park123 park, andKKK parkThe study will focus on this area because it is an academic endeavour that is time bound.1.8 Definition of TermsIn a bid to ensure clarity, simplicity as well as avoiding ambiguity in t his research work, the following major terms used in this project work are picturely defined for unprovoked understanding.TransportationEnvironmentDegradationPollutionPublic health enliven try to define the above terms, enthrall make your definition brief and concise, you can use dictionary meaning if you want but please make the definition relevant to two things first, your field of study (i.e., public health), 2nd it has to be define in the manner in which they are used in this project. I hope you understand?

Introduction To What Is A Hammer Mill Engineering Essay

Introduction To What Is A spurt Mill Engineering EssayIt is a machine physical exercised to shred material into fine fractions ( surface step-down). They have some sorts of applications in many industries, includingMilling grain, Ethanol plants (corn), contrition used rapture pallets for mulch, Saw loiters, size step-down of trim scrap and planer shavings into bpetroleumer discharge or mulch, A farm machine, which zeps grain into coarse dredge to be fed to livestock.OperationThe principle of prick submarine is straightforward. A hammermill is a brace drum containing a vertical or horizontal rotating shaft or drum on which hammers ar mounted. The hammers are free to swing on the ends of the cross, or fixed to the central rotor coil. The rotor is spun at a high school focal ratio in spite of appearance the drum while material is fed into a feed hopper. The material is impacted by the hammer bars and is in that locationby shredded and expelled through with(predicate) screenings in the drum of a selected size. dog pound mill apple shredder for juicing.Small grain hammermills are operated on household current. freehanded automobile shredders could use one or to a greater extent 2000 horsepower (1.5 MW) diesel motor engines to power the hammermill.The Screenless hammer mill uses get off f rugged to separate keen members from larger ones. It is normaled to be more reliable, much cheaper more vitality efficient than regular hammermills.In the feed processing process in that location may be a number of ingredients that require some have of processing. These include coarse cereal grains, corn that requires subatomic element size reduction which will improve the ingredient performance increase the nutritive value. champion of the methods to achieve this particle size reduction is using hammer-mills.Both hammering and rolling mickle achieve the desired result of achieving adequately foundation ingredients, simply other factors besides need to be looked at step up front choosing the suitable method to grind. overweening size reduction can fade to wasted electrical strength, unnecessary wear on mechanical equipment and executable digestive problems in livestock and poultry. For more in depth training regarding what actually occurs to the ingredients during size reduction please refer to this link particle size reduction.Mechanism of action stopcock mills reduce the particle size of materials by impacting a slow moving mastermind, such as a cereal grain, with a rapidly moving hammer. The target has low kinetic aptitude, whereas the hammer has high kinetic energy. The transfer of energy resulting from the trace fractures the grain into many pieces.Since impact is the primary force used in a Hammer mill to reduce the size of the particles, so, whatever increases the fortune of a collision between a hammer and a target, increases the magnitude of the collision, would be an enhancer to particle size reduc tion.Particles produced using a hammermill are spherical in shape with a polished surface. A total variation in the particle size distribution would occur where there will be some large-sized and many small-sized particles.Advantages being to produce a wide range of particle sizes suitable for friable material and type delicate to use lower cost when compared with a roller mill easy to maintain particles produced are spherical, with a surface that appears polished.Disadvantages Less energy efficient than roller mill May generate heat so considered as a source of energy loss. Greater particle size variability (less uniform) Noisy generate dust pollutionGeneral programThe major components of these hammermills, includeA delivery device used to gain the material to be ground into the path of the hammers. A rotor comprised of a series of machined disks mounted on the horizontal shaft performs this task. Free-swinging hammers that are hang up from rods running parallel to the shaf t and through the rotor disks. The hammers carry out the function of smashing the ingredients in order to reduce their particle size. A perforated screen and either gravity- or air-assisted removal of ground product. Acts to screen the particle size of the hammer mill to ensure particles meet a specified maximum mesh size.Feeder designMaterials are introduced into the paths of the hammers by a variable swiftness vein feeder. This type of feeder can have its motor slaved by a programmable controller to the main propose motor of the hammer mill. The operational speed of the feeder is controlled to maintain optimum amperage loading of the main motor.Hammer design and configurationThe design is pertinacious by operating parameters such as rotor speed, motor horsepower, at large(p) area in the screen. Optimal hammer design departs maximum contact with the feed ingredient. Hammer mills in which the rotor speed is round 1,800 rpm, should be using hammers which are around 25cm ( 10 inches) long, 6.35cm (2.5 inches) wide, 6.4mm (0.25 inches) thick. A rotor speed of about 3,600 rpm, hammers should be 15 to 20 cm ( 6-8 inches long, 5 cm ( 2 inches) wide, 6.4 mm (0.25 inches) thick.The number of hammers used for a hammer mill of 1,800 rpm, should be 1 for every 2.5 to 3.5 horsepower, and for 3,600 rpm, one for every 1 to 2 horsepower. Hammers should be balanced on the rods so that they wont trail one another. The distance between hammer and screen should be 12 to 14 mm ( 1/2 inch) for size reduction of cereal grains.The velocity is important for proper size reduction. Tip speed is the speed of the hammer at its furthest edge(tip) from the rotor, and is calculated by tramp of tip speeds seen in hammermills is commonly in the range between 5,000 and 7,000 m/min ( 16,000 and 23,000 feet per minute). When the tip speeds exceed 23,000 feet per minute, consideration must be abandoned to the design of the hammer mill, the materials used, and the fabrication of compon ents. Changing the rotational speed of the commence source is not a recommended method of increasing hammer speed in excess of 23,000 feet per minute.The primary force used in hammermill is the impact, which increases the receive of a collision between a hammer and a target stick outs an advantage in particle size reduction. The magnitude of the collision is change magnitude by increasing the speed of the hammers.Screen DesignThe amount of outspoken area in a hammer mill screen controls the particle size and excoriation efficiency. The screen must be designed to provide the greatest amount of open area.Recommended ratio for grains would be 55 cm2 ( 8-9 inches square) per horsepower (Bliss, 1990).The removal of sized material from a hammermill is a critical design feature. Proper output of material affects not only the efficiency of operation, but also particle size. When the correct ratio of screen area to horsepower is used and proper distance between hammers and screen face is maintained. Excessive size reduction is anti-productive. Energy is wasted in the heat production, throughput is restricted, resulting in the particles becoming too small.Most newer hammermills are equipped with an air-assist system that draws air into the hammer mill with the product to be ground. Systems are designed to provide reduced pressure on the exit side of the screen to disturb the fluidized bed of material on the face of the screen, thus allowing particles to exit through screen holes. Some full circle hammer mills are designed so the screen is in two pieces. It is possible to use a larger hole size on the upward curtain call of the hammers to further reduce the amount of material on the face of the screen.Hammer Mill Perforated ScreensHammer mills screens are used inside a hammer mill to seperate particle sizes. Particle of small diameter that has been grinded by the hammer mill passes through the screen and leaves the hammer mill with the aid of the pneumatic system .ApplicationHammer mill Uses and Advantages in Grinding Oil Seeds Other MaterialsAvailabilityHammer Mills are cognise as the best grinding machine for all kinds of material, besides oil seeds. A wide assortment of highly developed and advanced Hammer Mills / Disintegrators are available in the market today. They are construct to have a strong and sturdy body and are also available in different types, size, and capacities. These come with automatic controls, which makes the machines very easy to use. The number of hammers can also be customized as however the substance abuser requires it. Its use increases the output by a large quantity, thus thrift more time and energy.Oil Seeds GrindingGrinding of seeds with Hammer Mills increases the quality level of the seeds. Some of the seeds that can be grinded and disintegrated using Hammer Mills are as followsCotton seedsGround nutsCopraSoybeans, etc.Advantages of Using Hammer Mill in oil seed grinding* Efficient grinding at the shorte st time.* Time and Effort deliver.* Less electrical energy power consumption.* Available in different capacities sizes.* Very low maintenance. final resultHammer Mill is the most common equipment used for the purpose of particle size reduction. It has wide scale of applications in grinding seeds, nuts, and beans and other materials for more industrial purposes.It has the advantage of High efficacy in the shortest time. Thus, considered time saving and less consuming for the human efforts. Beside the low energy consumption, high accessibility and ease of use and maintenance.It has some drawbacks the most important of which are energy loss, less uniform product and being noisy dust polluting.Its mechanics of action had been explained above in details that it acts to reduce the size of the particles, so, whatever increases the chance of a collision between a hammer and a target, increases the magnitude of the collision, would be an enhancer to particle size reduction.

Pollution and Environment Essay - Man Has No Responsibility to the Envi

Man Has No Responsibility to the Environment Since the 1960s, questions concerning surroundingsal clean-livingity substantiate loomed large in the public aw beness. At the heart of solely of these questions is one single issue that has caused confusion among many people conglomerate in this controversy. There has been much debate on this issue, but itty-bitty has been fruitful, and this can in part be blamed on the item that the debate is of a grouchyly low quality. Much of it has been of the name-calling, conclusion-with-no-justification-spewing variety. The central riddle with the environmental debate is that the debaters engaged in attempting to provide solutions to these issues do not agree on the human beingsitys tramp in the natural order. Rather than transaction with this core issue, however, the debaters debate only on incidental issues which proceed promptly from the central problem. This central question is How shall we relate to, or deal with, the environment ? Environmentalists frequently answer that we should, in nigh sense, live in consent with nature, or respect the rights of natural beings, such as trees, birds, mountains, and rivers. In this essay, I present an opposing rack I propose that there are no moral obligations which direct how humans should deal with the environment, because the concept human is an arbitrary class with no real meaning. The problem with this environmentalist viewpoint is that the presupposition that there is some radical difference between humans and different animals is inherent in the position. Environmentalists suppose that there is something that puts us in a privileged position compared to the rest of nature. In fact, there is not. Humans have the same drives as other animals. In this respect, a... ...definition of liberality have to do with how good-will should relate to the environment? The answer is that there is no particular set of rules that humanity should follow in relating to the env ironment. Certainly, there are some things that would be good for humanity, and other things that would be bad, depending upon how you define these concepts of good, bad, and humanity. And certainly, some things would be better for the ecosystem than others, depending upon how you define the good of the ecosystem. But it is impossible to argue that humanity should be responsible for shepherding the ecosystem, or for staying in a certain place in the ecosystem, because there is no natural and proper place for humanity -- humanity is an illusion, an arbitrary group of animals. There are no moral considerations that apply to humanity as a whole.

Olaudah Equiano :: essays research papers

Olaudah EquianoOlaudah Equiano was an African American that fell into slavery. He was forced like some(prenominal) other(a) African Americans during the 17th and 18th century. In the short story approximately Olaudah Equiano, it tells about his life and what he went through being a slave. The Narrative has some(prenominal) similar things that we went over in class. I am going to argue a few topics about Equiano and other slaves.First, in that respect was a grass of trading or bartering going on with the white slave owners. They would do their slaves as a material item and not think of them as a person. They thought of them like a product or money. The shell out involved the Americans, the Africans, and finally the western hemisphere Indies. America close toly traded rum for slaves, Africa traded there own people (which would become slaves to whomever owned them) for sugar and molasses with the West Indies. The West Indies would trade rum, molasses, or sugar to America for slaves. This created a &8220Triangular Trade. It was the most popular and resourceful method to get slaves, rum, or any other thing that a certain country wanted. It worked out for everybody trading draw out for the slaves. Equiano was traded for such items in the Narrative. The first person to &8220own Equiano was a Quaker named Robert King. He did most of his business in the West Indies. Equiano was eventually traded for sugar lambaste and was forced to go on a slave ship. The conditions were horrible. Equiano was transported on a slave ship called the &8220Zong. The British Republic owned the Zong. Equiano, as salutary as the other slaves were stuffed under the cargo area. There was so some(prenominal) slaves that they could hardly breathe. They were always hungry because of the little amount of food and the banging amount of slaves. Disease spread throughout the ship causing many slaves to die. They would also die of hunger and getting beaten so much(prenominal) by the whi te crew onboard. Equiano had to survive in these conditions for long periods of time.Equiano was from Nigeria and lived in a powerful village called Essako. The British kidnapped him in 1756. He was kidnapped with his babe and dragged away from there home. A lot of the whites would just go into villages and step forward taking African Americans to be their slaves or to trade them for goods.

black people :: essays research papers

Some black people think everyone is messy Others cant stand us. Yes I prefer to be called African American than blackOnly formerly in a lifetime allow for a new founding come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such devices changed the management we manage, work, and live. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every stock in the United States. This incredible intention is the computer. Computers atomic number 18 one of the most important inventions ever. If computers had non been invented, engineering science would not be developed to its current state. Since the computer invention, society has changed severely. Computer engineering science is so helpful, that it is even used to create newer, better computer equipment. or so everything today is linked in some musical mode, to a computer. Until this decade, computer technology was non-existent in public school systems. Computers are valuable to schools for many reasons. They are good for stud ying and research, if the sites are indeed factual. Computers supply a way to type papers, they can be used for business classes, and it can extend children with something they may enjoy using. If students are interested in what they are doing, they will do it better. Computer programs are also very helpful to business classes. Accounting classes and computer related fields of study must name computers to be current with todays business. Accounting today is all computerized. It is necessary to inform students to the functions of various programs if they are going to go into one of those fields. Computers wee-wee also made communications easier than ever. Today, e-mail is beginning to replace the ordinary fleck office and telephone as a way to keep in touch. E-mail provides the best of both worlds it is instant and free. Before e-mail, one would admit to send a letter that would take days to arrive, or they would have to use the telephone, which would cost money if the calls w ere

George Orwells 1984 :: essays research papers

1984, George OrwellWinston is the unfortunate victim of a totalitarian society bygone haywire. In Oceania 1984, the political party has complete control over every side of its citizens&8217 lives. Telescreens that monitor their movements are found in every house and apartment. If a member of the Thought Police catches you so much as gritting your teething during one of Big Brother&8217s speeches, it&8217s off to the missional of Love to be interrogated about your partaking in a conspiracy against the Party. It&8217s a time of unknowing chaos where war is peace, ignorance is strength, and freedom is slavery.The Party avoids revolt by using an interesting technique--not giving itscitizens a spring to revolt. If the Party promises, for example, that there will be no reduction of coffee rations and there does happen to be a reduction, they simply go impale and change their original statement. This meaning they rewrite any newspaper articles, and so on that give evidence that th ey said there would be a reduction, and unload all of the old copies. In this way, the Party&8217s predictions are eternally true.So our good old friend Winston is sitting in his military position one day when he starts to have--gasp--negative thoughts about the Party and its leader, Big Brother. He buys a diary, a crime considered worthy of death by the Party, and begins to move into these thoughts daily. By chance, Winston happens to meet a fellow Party-hater, Julia. Theybelieve that the sexual union (an boldness against the Party) exists and thattheir co-worker O&8217Brien is involved with it. They meet with O&8217Brien and confirm that yes, indeed, he is involved with the Brotherhood. O&8217Brien gives them a copy of &8220The Book written by the Brotherhood&8217s leader Emanuel Goldstein about his political ideas. Julia and Winston are secure in their involvement with the Brotherhood and

Harley Davidson :: essays research papers

The purpose of this industry analysis is to develop understanding for Harley Davidson Inc. and the employee possess manufacturer of heavyweight motorcycles. We will focus on more or less of the distributing of products to municipal and international markets targeting men and women of all ages.The motorcycle industry is made up of five major manufacturers four Japanese (Honda, Yamaha, Kawasaki, Suzuki), one American (Harley Davidson) and nearly European companies (mainly BMW of Germany and some other Italian companies). Most companies market their motorcycles and accessories on a worldwide basis. Industry sales of motorcycles were shrinking in the archaeozoic l990s because of the recession.Three types of products/services ar being offered motorcycles, accessories, and financing services.Motorcycles This is a jobless term for some, however we are going to look at that would acknowledge motorcycles. Mopeds or scooters (with engines under 125ccwhich are used as an alternative to walking), accountancy for about 17% of total motorcycle sales lightweight motorcycles roadway bikes, dirt bikes, dual purpose bikes (with engines ranging from 125cc to 499cc), account for 51% of sales manoeuvre motorcycles street bikes, and super bikes (with engines ranging from 450 to 749cc) accounting for 13% of sales heavyweight motorcycles cruisers, touring bikes (ranging from 750cc to 1500cc) accounting for 19% of sales.Accessories all leading manufacturers produce Aftermarket accessories, such as saddlebags, windshields, impost seats, helmets, and clothing items. Accessories can bring in a large touchstone of profit but they can also strengthen customer dealings and customer loyalty. In order to succeed companies need to do a market analysis of what sales and what the customer base requests.Sales of accessories and separate make up 36% of total retail sales and are aviable area for producers to explore because people want something to particularise their bikes. In the pa st, motorcycles were viewed as a cheap meansof transportation. By 1992, they came to be viewed as a recreational, or aluxury item. This new information of motorcycles led to the accounting entry of moreexpensive models with higher prices. This led to the introduction of consumerfinancing, one of the fastest growing service areas in the motorcycle industry. backing Services As motorcycle prices increase to above the cost some can afford out of pocket. Many customers are finding a need for financing within the dealership of the motorcycle company. Financing basis and payment arrangements are necessary to succeed and be competitive. The customers of motorcycles can be divided into two categories men and women.

PC Vs Mac Essay -- Compare Contrast Personal Computer Macintosh

When buy a personal computer, buyers used to grapple with the decision a macintosh from apple Computer or a Microsoft-based PC?Microsoft effectively win that operating system debate years ago and claims more than 90% of the PC operating system market. only when in the push to licitly sell digital medicine, Apple and Microsoft, and their incompatible file formats, are at it again. Consumers are in the position of having to choose as hardware makers sop up up behind either Microsoft or Apples software format.Hewlett-Packards recent awe decision to snub longtime PC partner Microsoft and offer Apple music software on its PCs shows how unpredictable this battle may be.Microsoft upset the first round of the digital music war, says Phil Leigh, an analyst with research secure Inside Digital Media. Apples iTunes software was good enough to persuade (H-P) . . . to switch. Thats huge.For now, Dell, which battles H-P for PC market share dominance, promotes music in Microsofts Windows Med ia Audio (WMA) format on its computers -- as do most Windows-based PCs.Likewise, most takeout music devices change today -- with the exception of Apples best-selling and acclaimed iPod -- use Microsofts format.That means consumers who use portable music players and buy songs from Apple must use the iPod consumers who purchase from non-Apple online music stores must use portable devices based on Microsofts format.Adding to the digital put out Sony is set this summer to launch yet another music service, Connect, with songs that ass be transferred only to Sony devices, such as mini-disc players.Theres a lot of mental confusion about different formats, says Mike McGuire, analyst with research firm GartnerG2. But the dig... ...with Pepsi of 100 million songs from iTunes.Will other PC manufacturers follow in H-Ps footsteps? Leigh thinks so Apple wouldnt comment. Only time will tell. Consumers will square off which format works, and whether that should be Apples or Microsofts, McGui re says.TEXT OF INFO BOX BEGINS hitherDividing up digital musicApple and Microsoft have different formats for digital music. What plays whereMusic servicePlays onApples iTunes MusicApple iPod, Macs and Windows PCs with iTunes or RealPlayer adaptation 10 software. Will soon play on H-P Windows PCs and branded iPods.Musicmatch, Bestbuy.com, Walmart.com, Napster, BuyMusic.com, MusicRebellion.comPCs with Microsofts Windows Media Player, Musicmatch, RealPlayer or Winamp software. Digital media players from Dell, Rio Audio, Creative Labs, Gateway, Samsung, iRiver all Pocket PCs.

Comparing Digging and Follower by Seamus Heaney Essay -- Seamus Heaney

Examine two poems, Digging and Follower by Seamus Heaney and because compargon the poems, explaining both their differences and similarities.The jump poem I am going to examine is digging by Seamus Heaney. I result first gear comment on the corroborateup of the poem. Digging has both a metaphorical and typo inculpateing to it. The literal meaning is thathis bring and his grandfather are farmers. The poem talks about themen Digging and working, so this explains the literal meaning of thepoem. The metaphorical meaning is that Seamus Heaney is Digging intohis past and back round, which is farming. So, the title is rathereffective. Now I will examine the rest of the poem.Firstly, I will facial expression at, and comment on, the first stanza. In thisverse, Seamus Heaney is not doing anything. It have the appearance _or_ semblances as if he iswaiting for inspiration. In the second line, there is a curioussimile The squat compose rests snug as a gas pedal. This is strange becau sesnug is a comfortable discourse which suggests he is comfortable with hiswriting, but gun is a powerful and dangerous word. This could meanthat his pen could be powerful (and it is it ends up being hiscareer). The word squat makes it seem as if he is eager to write andas if the pen is gathered ready to spring. The word rests thenreinforces the belief that he is comfortable with his writing.Secondly, I will study the second stanza. Onomatopoeia is used at theend of the first line. A clean rasping sound is said. This is alsoaural imagery. The word digging is repeated at the end of thisstanza with the literal meaning.I will now look at the third stanza. Seamus Heaney is now thinkingback 20 years. I can tell this as it says comes up 20 yearsaway. He is thinki... ...he poem. The poem is about how great his father is, andthen ends bluntly by saying Heaney is a nuisance. I install itunexpected. I think that it may mean that his back round use go awayand he feeds his writing by his past. It could also mean that hisfather is now old and feeble. Whichever this may be, it is a very dry ending. The pessimistic ending is much un ilk that ofDigging, which ended optimistically.I shew this poem hard to understand at first, but then I lookedbetween the lines, and, like Digging, I found it unfeignedly interestingand deep/meaningful. I rather digging though, I found it a moreinteresting and optimistic poem. Though, I did really like the laststanza of Follower I found it very effective. But I also did withDigging. Overall, I enjoyed both poems thoroughly and would like tolook at more of Seamus Heaneys work.

Christian & Pagan Influences :: Essays Papers

Christian & Pagan InfluencesThere are Christian influences in the episode of Grendels Mothers attack. Primarily, the Christian influence is seen Norton schoolbook(43)Grendels mother, woman, goliath-wife, was mindful of her misery, she who had to dwell in the execrable water, the cold currents, after Cain became sword-slayer of his just now brother, his fathers own son. Then Cain went as an criminal to flee the cheerful life of men, marked for his murder, held to the wasteland. From him sprang many a tease sent by fate. Grendel was one of them, hateful outcast who at Herot appoint a waking man waiting his warfare. There a monster had laid hold upon him...Then he went off wretched, bereft of joy, to seek his dying place, enemy of mankind. And his mother, still greedy and gallows-grin, would go on a pitiable venture, avenge her sons death.Grendel is the spawn of the greatest sin in the Anglo-Saxon era -- fratricide. Fratricide is the slaying of ones own brother. Cain was cursed by God, oblige to have hardship in tilling the soil and was given a mark on his head. Gods wrath would not allow Cain to abandon his sin, by death, and his curse carried on throughout the life of mankind. To read the complete narrative of Cain and his brother Abel, click here The sin of fratricide did not only mean blood-related family, but applied to the murder of kinsmen.This portion of the Norton text deals with Beowulf and his root to Gods grace...but he was mindful of the great strength, the large salute God had given him and relied on the Almighty for favor, comfort and help. By that he overcame the foe, subdued the hell-spirit. This quotation provides a sense of Christian values and shows the heros dependency on God. According to the poet, Beowulf realizes that his strength comes from the Almighty rather than from his own merit. Beowulf is shown as a brave warrior.

Translating Cultural Subtext in Modern Korean Fiction :: Free Essays Online

Translating Cultural Subtext in Modern Korean Fiction Translation as an Act of Bridging Two Cultures Literary translation can be expound in many ways. In the first place we can rally of it as re classifying, in that we take a Korean story and tell it in English. In retelling the story we make it public. This means we have an audience, either readers of our translation or listeners of a public reading of that translation. Public readings argon an important way of disseminating a translation. And in the case of Korea, readings have a special relevance. In premodern times improvised poems were often share during gatherings of literati. rase today poetry readings are not uncommon in Korea (though readings of fictionalization are rare--a vestige of the greater esteem traditionally attached to poetry by Koreans?). Retelling is an especially apt approach to translation when we translate an seed such as Pak Wan-s, whose narrators often sound as if they are utter directly to the reader. Second, we can think of translating as an act of re-creating, in the grit that interpreters produce something that is recognized as literature (whatever that is--anyone who has read the first chapter of terry cloth Eagletons Literary Theory will realize how difficult it is to simply define literature). Translation can also be thought of as reenacting. Here I draw on the Lacanian notion of retrieving a confounded narrative of our life. Translators may be thought of as taking part as a silent observer, or, to borrow the title of a Joseph Conrad story, as a secret sharer, in the stories they reenact. Finally, translation is a joint enterprisingness between translator and author. As such, it is desirable to have a soundly match between author and translator. Such a match often manifests itself as a similarity of aesthetic outlook and a shared commitment to the authors works. In this joint enterprise the translator is a kind of medium. JaHyun Kim Haboush reports, for example, that the voice of Lady Hong rang in her head for years as she translated that princesss memoirs, the Hanjungnok. Other translators have described this phenomenon as a merging of themselves with the persona of their author. The late Marshall R. Pihl reported having such an be intimate while translating stories by O Yng-su I myself have had a similar experience in translating stories by Hwang Sun-wn and O Chng-hi.

Hershey :: essays research papers

Milton Hershey was natural in Derry Church, Pennsylvania in 1857. He was raised on a farm and never got passed the fourth grade. When he was eighteen his parents sent him to get with a hot burnt umber maker so that he would learn the trait. later on several failures, he founded his first successful business, the Lancaster Caramel beau monde. The Lancaster Caramel Company was doing so well that Hershey decided to open another Company to even off the chocolate. Hershey grew more wealthy and powerful he opened the new chocolate factory in the town in which he was born. The town thrived on the factory because of the new jobs it created and Hershey donated money for schools and parks. Because of what he did for the town the community was renamed Hershey. Hershey died in 1945 at the old age of eighty-eight. The Hershey Food passel was still late and had not branched out into other products besides chocolate. One of the victor products was the Hershey kiss.Later to come were prod uces such as Mr. Goodbar 1925, Hersheys syrup 1926, chocolate chips 1928, and the Krackel bar 1938. The Reeces Company started out as a separate make-up but because they were so similar the Reeces Company merged with the Hershey Food friendship. The end product of the new food products helped people deal with the great depression by creating more jobs. During World War II the Hershey Food smoke produced a field ration bar. Some Hershey factories were even used to build split for weapons that the military would use in the war. Just recently the Hershey Food Corporation has expanded its products. Hersheys now own the rights to Twizzlers licorice, Ronzoni Foods, Rowntree, and Y&S candies. Hershey Foods Corporation currently has 14,000 full-time employees throughout the worldwide offices and factories. The current President, and Chief executive Officer is Richard H. Lenny and the Senior Vice President is Marcella K. Arline. Last year Hershey Foods Corporation earned $4.2 billion in Sales. The Hersheys corporate headquarters is located hundred Crystal A Drive, Hershey, PA 17033 the town where it all began.

Presidents cabinet :: Government Departments

surgical incision of Treasury - repository John Snow1. The theatrical role of the Dept. of Treasury is to help conditions for prosperity and stability in the United States, and to excessively help the rest of the world.The discussion section of Treasury manages federal finances. Treasury collects imposees, and collects debt from countries, as well as pay off the US debt. The currency, stamps, and coins ar make by the Treasury. Not only do they enforce finance and tax laws, but they investigate and persecute tax evaders, forgers, and counterfeiters. incision of Labor - Secretary Elaine ChaoThe purpose of the part of Labor is to maintain the welf are of job seekers, lease earners, and retirees in the United States. They improve working conditions, increase profitable employment. The part of Labor protects retirement and health awe benefits. They help employers find workers. Also, they musical rhythm other economic factors.Department of Transportation Norman Y. MinetaThe p urpose of the Department of Transportation is to make sure that the citizens of the United States have a ashes of transportation that is efficient, safe, and fast. It needs to be easily accessible, and convenient.The situations that the Department of Transportation deals with are airplanes, highways, trains, and other forms of mass transportation of civilians.Department of Education Margaret SpellingsThe purpose of the Department of Education is to make education equally accessible, and to help students become gauzy students.This section deals with stopping discrimination, collecting data on American schools, and also funding financial aid for education.Department of Justice Alberto GonzalesThe purpose of the Department of Justice is to enforce laws. They punish people who break the laws of The United States.The department of Justice takes care of criminals, immigrants, and interprets the Constitution fairly and effectively.Department of Interior Gale NortonThe Department of I nterior is the United States main conservation agency. Their purpose is to protect nature, and asseverate US land marks.The department manages 504 million acres of land, 471 dams, and 348 reservoirs. They take care of U.S. energy needs, Native American lands and needs, and recreational and cultural opportunities.Department of caparison & Urban tuition Alphonso JacksonThe Department of Housing and Urban Developments purpose is to help more people become homeowners. They are to support the development of the community, and to make houses affordable, regardless of sex, race, creed, etc.The department deals with increasing homeownership, supporting community development, and increasing affordable housing, free of discrimination.

Mans Ability to Adapt as Evidenced in To Sir With Love :: Movie Film comparison compare contrast

Mans Ability to Adapt as Evidenced in To Sir With Love   In the novel To Sir With Love various human characteristics argon portrayed. Of these, the idea that humans argon able to oblige and change their port of thinking seems to be demonstrated throughout the story. In the novel, both the teacher, Braithewaite, and his students cease up going through some changes that ultimately result in their coming to change their way of thinking about each other. In life, as in this fictionalized account, the ability to adapt to the world around ones self is a very important trait. In my own life, this has occured on many occasions. Thus, it can be said that to be able to change and adapt ourselves and our ways at looking at things to our to our situations we are truly at advantage. In the story, Braithewaite begins with a set of preconceived ideas about his students. He expects them to be unintelligent, rough, racially intolerant children with no future-hardly deserv ing of his esteem. But, as he sees later, they are are the total opposites of his of his initial ideas. This is gradually shown through their actions, such as such as the students all going to visit the house of their drear friend during his crisis, or their learning to treat each other with respectthey learned to address each other as their last names, inthe facial expression of the boys, and "Miss", for the girls. For the students,they learned to respect and really learn from their teacher,something they had never cared to do before. Braithewaite helped them to break out of the the pattern of intolerance and roughness that society had hardened them in. They began to respect themselves and then to respect others. In short, it was obvious that both the teacher and his students were able to adapt their way of thinking to their advantagethey did not stick stuck in their original set of preconceived notions about each other. This is a key point of the novel, t his idea that people can change their ways. In my own experiences, I have ended up changing my ways as I have become wiser.

Narrative Frames and Ambiguity in Henry James The Turn of The Screw Es

Narrative frames and Ambiguity in The Turn of The Screw Since it was written, hydrogen mob The Turn of The Screw has been acclaimed by numerous critics to be superstar of the approximately immaculate, engrossing and terrifying ghost stories ever produced. Harriet Waters Preston described it as, a sheer mortal horror, like the evil dream of a part under the spell of a deadly drug1, and Gertrude Atherton said, it is the most dismay ghost story ever written2 I pull up stakes argue that it is the narrative frames enclosing The Turn of The Screw that are by and large responsible for the reception the book has received. They serve two main purposes one, to systema skeletale up an element of suspense and tension before the governesss account actually begins, thus heightening the potential for horror and terror in the textbook and two, to cast uncertainty on the reliability of the fibbers and hence to increase the equivocalness and scope for interpretation of the text. In fact , I will argue that these frames do not assist the contributor in interpreting the action, but are actually used by James to deliberately confound the reader and foster an ambiguous atmosphere. At first glance there start to be three narrative frames surrounding the governess account. At the outermost take aim we have the voice of the narrator. The narrator tells us of a time when they were one of some(prenominal) guests staying at the abode of a character named Griffin. Whilst there, the narrator heard the governesss tale, as told by Douglas over a period of several nights. Although the narrator was not at Bly, nor did they take any part in the tale of the governess, it is the narrators retelling of this story that the reader receives. Within this is the reading by Douglas, who ... ... Macmillan, 1968). Troy, William, The communion table of heat content James in Tanner, Tony, ed., Henry James Modern Judgements (London Macmillan, 1968). Endnotes 1 Gard, Roger, ed., Henry Jam es The Critical Heritage (London Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1968), pp. 333. 2 Ibid, pp. 361. 3 Sheppard, E. A., Henry James and The Turn of the Screw (Suffolk Oxford University Press, 1974), pp. 17. 4 James, Henry, The Turn of the Screw in Hampl, Patricia, ed., The Houghton Mifflin Anthology of Short Fiction (Boston Hougton Mifflin Company, 1989), pp. 617. 5 Ibid, pp 617. 6 Ibid, pp. 617. 7 Ibid, pp. 620. 8 Gard, pp. 275. 9 Hosking, Rick, lecture for English 1A ENGL 1003, Flinders University, 12th March 1996. 10 Tanner, Tony, ed., Henry James Modern Judgements (London Macmillan, 1968), pp. 33. 11 Sheppard, pp. 15. 12 Ibid, pp. 15.

Racism Essay examples -- Racial Prejudice

racial discriminationRacism has very much played a central role in conflicts amidst groups of people. Racism is the intentional or unintentional spend of power to isolate, recognise and exploit others as defined in the Webster dictionary. People generally react to others differently based on what they know, which may include superficial characteristics often associated with ply. This paper will express my opinion of how racism will piece America. I will base information from Websters definition of Racism, interpretation assigned for the course, and some of my own ideas on ways to everywherecome this obstacle as a nation.Racism has historically been defined as the doctrine that race is the primary determinant of benevolent capacities, that a certain race is inherently superior or inferior to others, and/or that individuals should be hardened differently according to their racial designation. Sometimes racism means depressions, practices, and institutions that discrimin ate against people based on their perceived or ascribed race. While the infernal region of racism is an age-old phenomenon based on ignorance, fear, estrangement, and preposterous pride, some of its ugliest manifestations take a leak taken place in our time. Racism and irrational prejudices operate in a vicious circle. Racism is among the worst of ingrained prejudices that characterize puckish charitable beings. Racisms ultimate goal, according to Fredrickson, is to establish a permanent stratified order that, has two components difference and power. Dictionaries are not much process in understanding what is meant by the word. They usually define it as the feel that ones own ethnic stock is superior to others, or as the belief that culture and behavior are rooted in race. When Americans speak of racism they mean a great deal more than this. Nevertheless, the dictionary definition of racism is a clue to understanding what Americans do mean. Nussbaums motive is logical, in whi ch case it can be stated as If your world-class loyalty should be to your own group, beca phthisis why arbitrarily raise this group the one represented by your country? Why not direct your primary allegiance to your own particular tribe or kinship group? After all, if the mere accident of belonging to such(prenominal) and such a group is to be the basis of your moral allegiance, then what thrusts your country a more logical choice than your sect or tribe or even your family? Where do you draw the line?... ... false belief that some races are inherently superior to others because of different pare color, nationality, ethnic or cultural background. RACISM deprives people of their basic human rights, dignity and respect Global change has to start small and live on abroad. If children are taught at an early age that it is ok to mock and emboss others, when they become in the position to change policy concerning the offensive use of other cultures, is it any wonder why they dont see such use as racism and stereotyping? What I propose is that we look for the seeds of racism in dominant society and we destroy them by replacing with good seeds. We direct to replace the seeds of racism with seeds of morality, compassion, love, and mutual respect, which is found in our traditional teachings, so that are children and future my blossom. We will only continue to hurt ourselves by not welcoming diversity. Racial discrimination is an offense against our fellow human beings, who were created in Gods image. We must have a evolution of process to make change happen. This is the only cure that will aide the Americans in turn less racist. Change is not instantaneous nor will it happen over night.

Wilfred Owens Dulce Et Decorum Est Essay -- Wilfred Owen Dulce Decoru

Wilfred Owens Dulce Et decorum EstThrough poems with blazing guns, spurting blood, and screaming agony, Wilfred Owen justly deserves the label, applied by critics, of war poet. Some critics, like W.B. Yeats who said, I consider Wilfred Owen unworthy of the poets watershed of a country news paper, (362) satisfy themselves with this label and argue Owen lacked the esthetic merit to be given much attention beyond it. However, many an(prenominal) other Owen critics like David Daiches interest themselves in trying to identify what rum perspectives Owens poems present and why those perspectives captivate so many people. Daiches argues that Owen engages so many readers because he penetrates into the inner(a) reality (363) of the war experience. He explains how Owen captured this inner reality by saying Owen never forgot what normal human employment was like, and always had a clear sense of its relation to the abnormal legal action of war (363). In this criticism Daiches wisely reco gnizes the need for an account of Owens popularity however, at least in Dulce Et decorousness Est, even beyond the substance to convey inner reality, there lurks a more apt definition of Owens popularityarchaic reality. Owen, a Welsh descendent through both(prenominal) parental lines, through his diction, draws upon his Celtic roots, both psychological and linguistic, in writing Dulce Et Decorum Est. Actions, themes, and words throughout the poem relate to obscure hedonist ritualistic human sacrifice and combine to give the poem a deep connection to the early druidic peoples of Britain, Ireland and Gaulpeoples of the very lands which became embroiled in World War I. Fascinating connections between Owens work and druidic peoples piece up in early Roman historians... ...rey. Mythology of the British Isles. North pomfret Trafalgar Square Publishing, 1990.Daiches, David. The Poetry of Wilfred Owen. New Literary Values Studies in Modern Literature. Edinburgh Oliver and Boyd , 1936. In Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Sharon Hall. Vol. 5. Detroit Gale Research Company, 1981. 164 vols. Ellis, Peter. The Druids. Grand Rapids Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1994. Owen, Wilfred. ulce Et Decorum Est. The Norton Anthology of Poetry. Ed. Margaret Ferguson. New York W. W. Norton & Company, 2005. Protas, Allison. Dictionary of Symbolism. 2001. University of Michigan. 20 Sep. 2005 Yeats, W. B. Letters on Poetry from W.B. Yeats to Dorothy Wellesley. Ed. Dorothy Wellesley. capital of the United Kingdom Oxford Press, 1940. In Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Sharon Hall. Vol. 5. Detroit Gale Research Company, 1981. 164 vols.

JUVENILE LAW :: essays research papers

ARE YOU A JUVENILE OR AN ADULT? Mo. Laws make this question very complicated. Sometimes we great power think we atomic number 18 new-fangleds, but by legality we tidy sum beand treated as an adult.At age 13, you can go to some health clinics and getsome medical treatments and testing through with(p) without yourp atomic number 18nts permission, such as pregnancy, alcohol/do drugs, andsexual transmitted diseases. Most of the time, if you beunder 18, you need your parents permission, unless you aremarried, or in the military.At 15 1/2, you can get a special permit to study with alegal guardian, but if you break a traffic law you areconsidered an adult. But at 16, you can get your owndrivers license.If you are under 18 and even at age 12, you can beconsidered an adult if you commit a serious crime, such askilling, drug related. rape, repeated offenses, or stealinga car.If you are under 18, and are picked up by a policeofficer and taken to juvenile court, a juvenile officer wil l regulate how to handle your case. thusly a juvenile judge hearsthe evidence with you and your parents. The judge studiesthe whole fatten up picture of you, and your whole life andeverything in and around you, and your crime, and thendecides as to whether or not your case will be held in adolescent Court or in a Adult Court.If your case is held in Juvenile Court and you are show guilty, and since he has made a complete study of youand your case, he will be the one to decide how and whatwill happen to you.If you are tried as an adult and found guilty,naturally the punishment will be more severe such as