Define and discuss the traditional role of a narrator Within a Blood Es

Define and discuss the traditional role of a storyteller Within a Blood Brothers. Compare the role of the narrator in the Play Blood Brothers and require how you Would present the narrator to an audience if you were the director. Blood Brothers seeDefine and discuss the traditional role of a narrator.Within a Blood Brothers. Compare the role of the narrator in the PlayBlood Brothers and consider how you.Would present the narrator to an audience if you were the director.The dictionary definition of narrate VT (a story) to tell, relateto give an account of (film, TV) to provide a spoken commentary fornarration n narrator n...The tradition of narration came from the Greek chorus. Their werethirteen people in the chorus all singing and dancing. The choruswhich served as the narrator, asked probing questions, and also gave coarse advice to the heroes. If there was any violence it was merelynarrated.The purpose of the narrator is to fill in the audience and let themknow what is dismis sal on. Narration is one of the closely importantcomponents of a story. The char put to workers, plot, setting, and theme arealso significant however the narrator sets the mood and also the paceof the story.In Blood Brothers the narrator plays a variety of roles for examplesometimes he is at a higher stead than them and also is sometimesin truth negative. The original Greek narrator was in a chorus whichconsisted of thirteen people, in the play blood brothers the narratoralso sang with the characters. They usually stayed as part of thechorus or on the side of the stage. They knew everything about thecharacters sometimes they could see into the future like in bloodbrothers the narrator was preparing the audience for what was going tocome next in act 4 Scene 1. They usually spoke the rootage and endof the play he narrated the beginning of the play to set the scene andat the end he was the last one to speak before they both died.In act 1 scene 1 the narrator is a storyteller. He als o sounds, verynegative in what he is saying as he says Brother parted frombrother Wrenched apart A stone in the infinite of a heart which isnegative she gave him away because she didnt think she would be ableto cope and also because of money as well as her other sevensome children.I feel that the narrator is being very hars... ...lk around so he would be inwith the cast to show the equality in status at times.He would have a deep persona as many people see god as having a deepvoice and as he is controlling the families and is a higher status andpeople see god to be in the sky.My narrator would appear at the beginning and at the end of the playhe would also appear to sing with the characters he would also bestanding on the balcony at the side when he would be controlling thefamilies I would also want him to interact with the characters so Iwould also having him walking around in between the characters whenthey are wintry and he is explaining to the audience what ishappening.For the body language if I was showing the bad sign off him I wouldmake him stand in one place at a higher status staring down at thecharacters but if hes in a good mood I want him walking aroundinteracting with the characters.I would also give him a strong accent and he would also talk loud asthats how many people see god.ConclusionThe understanding of the narrator has helped me to analyse thisdramatic technique by setting the scene and also explaining to theaudience what is going on.

Gilgameshs Heroism Essay -- World Literature Epic of Gilgamesh

A title-h honest-to-goodness is someone who tries the best to help everyone and will do everything in his or her power to help out a nonher person. The term hero means different things to different people. Today many people believe that a hero is a person who can accomplish what others can not or a person who puts themselves on the line for the other people. Men, wo hands and children can all be heroes if they truly feel in their hearts the need to help others in even the smallest ways. In our modern world heroes are defined in so many ways. Anyone can be a hero, a best friend, a devoted mother/father, a teacher, etc. On the other hand, in the older days, before laws and technology, heroes were the men who fought against evil things, who rescue damsels in distress they were the manly men, the kings knights, god like creatures, brave warriors. As criteria for any epic story a hero must be involved in the story. Furthermore, these heroes had to meet also specific criteria. The definit ion of an ancient time hero is very different than a hero today. Above all, he should be a skilled warrior, who had to respect authority, both governmental and religious. Around the time that the epic called Gilgamesh was written heroes were considered to be the men who helped or did virtuous deeds for many people. The Mesopotamians thought a hero was someone with courage and bravery, who rise above all of the normal people. They were considered to be the single-valued function of God.The Epic of Gilgamesh centers on Gilgamesh, a man with superhuman qualities who struggles and searches for immortality and knowledge. Moreover the epic is about his grown to full maturity through this quest. Therefore who exactly is a hero and what is the role of the hero? In this paper the term Heroism... ...mes a better individual, and it is all of the work he did after that moment that has made him be recognized as a hero. Gilgamesh is more of a hero because once he realizes that he could be doing better things for other people he changes his actions. Enkidu is a hero but not on purpose. He is created as a hero on the other hand, his own conscious, his own choices make him more humane, and he has changed his primitive way of living.In conclusion, The Epic of Gilgamesh is a story about the meaning of being a human. Like most people of today Gilgamesh is not discover that meaning until the later part of his life. It is sad to think that most of the people in our contemporary world are to caught up being undefeated that they stop searching for a purpose in life aside from themselves. Gilgamesh is a hero because he saw the flaws and decides to eliminate them.

Education Essay -- essays research papers

EducationThere are many definitions of education, many people have different options of education and how it should be taught. I however will explore three definitions. William James definition who was a philosopher and psychologist will be explained. I will use an online dictionary. Lastly, Websters Universal incline Dictionary definition for education will be explored.William James states that, Education, in short, cannot be better described than by calling it the organization of acquired habits of conduct and tendencies to behavior. When you are educated, it seems that your conduct and tenancies toward behavior would be different from that of an uneducated person. An educated person would associate the knowledge they have retained in a different modality than an uneducated one. I a...

Barn Burning Essay -- essays research papers

Use of Blood in Barn BurningBarn Burning is about the struggle of a boy to do what is secure during the Post Civil War era. The main character, Sartoris Snopes, is a poor son of a migrant tenant farmer. In the opening scene he is be asked by a circuit judge about the burning of a farmers barn by his father. The boy does not tell on his father and is not forced to do so, but he thinks that he would have done so had he been asked. The father, Abner Snopes, served in the Civil War for both sides and has difficulty venting his anger. Usually he does so through the burning of other peoples barns when they wrong him. The symbol of blood is used by Faulkner to contribute to the theme of loyalty to the family.One use of blood is shown when the boy is called to testify and is pressured by his father to lie. When the boy is on stand he is accent by the fear that his father will do something crazy if he tells on him. Also, his father tells him that some things are more chief(prenominal) th an the truth, that family is the most important thing. You were fixing to tell them. You would have told them(484). This statement made by Abner shows how the boy truly feels about his blood fathers actions and where he stands when it comes to telling a lie or the truth regarding those actions. Also, the scene where that statement takes place depicts how the father feels about family. He thinks that a lie is justified if you are doing ...

Transformation and Freedom in Rip Van Winkle :: Rip Van Winkle Essays

Transformation and Freedom in Rip Van shoot   Washington Irvings, Rip Van Winkle presented a tale of a dreamer. Rip Van Winkle was a family man who worked odd jobs around town, scarce managed to slip away from doing his own work around his farm. He was peerless of those happy mortals...who takes the world easy. (pg. 404). He constantly struggled with the henpecking of his wife. Van Winkle found refuge and comfort going squirrel shooting with his dog. Rip Van Winkle depicts a story of a man longing to be free, and of the transformation that occurs to him and the town.   Van Winkle would have whistled life away (pg. 404) had it not been for his wife . This served as a foreshadow for what was to come. Van Winkle wanted peace and to be left alone. He was like a kid he often made their playthings, taught them to fly sheet kites and shoot marbles... (pg. 403). He always did what could be got with least thought or trouble, (pg.404) just as a child often does. He just s hrugged his shoulders...but verbalize nothing, (pg. 404) to madam Van Winkles lectures. He was tired of hearing her, yet did nothing to change his behaviors or at least to try to please her. Van Winkle did dream his life away. He was gone for twenty years and returns to find his town and life different from how he had left it. I believe he just left one day and before he knew it, twenty years had past.   Dame Van Winkle represented the Revolutionary War. The changes of states and empires made but little impression on him, (pg. 412) but he did displease the petticoat government. He describes the government as if it were a woman. Petticoat is a representation of Dame Van Winkle. Van Winkle pays no attention to his wife nor does he fight back, just as he did not fight in the war. Or, was this his war he was battling? When Van Winkle reflects on top of the mountain, he heaved a heavy sigh when he thought of encountering the terrors of Dame Van Winkle. (pg. 406) Terrors come to promontory when one thinks of war. Van Winkle doesnt regard Dame as his wife, rather he thinks of her as Dame Van Winkle, with no affection.

Transformation and Freedom in Rip Van Winkle :: Rip Van Winkle Essays

Transformation and Freedom in Rip Van Winkle   cap Irvings, Rip Van Winkle presented a tale of a dreamer. Rip Van Winkle was a family man who worked odd jobs around town, but managed to sideslip away from doing his own work around his farm. He was one of those happy mortals...who takes the world easy. (pg. 404). He constantly struggled with the henpecking of his wife. Van Winkle found refuge and value going squirrel shooting with his dog. Rip Van Winkle depicts a story of a man longing to be free, and of the transformation that occurs to him and the town.   Van Winkle would swallow whistled career away (pg. 404) had it not been for his wife . This served as a foreshadow for what was to come. Van Winkle wanted peace and to be left alone. He was deal a kid he often made their playthings, taught them to fly kites and shoot marbles... (pg. 403). He always did what could be got with least thought or trouble, (pg.404) entirely as a child often does. He just shrugge d his shoulders...but said nothing, (pg. 404) to madam Van Winkles lectures. He was tired of hearing her, yet did nothing to change his behaviors or at least to try to please her. Van Winkle did dream his life away. He was gone for twenty years and returns to find his town and life different from how he had left it. I believe he just left one day and before he knew it, twenty years had past.   Dame Van Winkle represented the Revolutionary War. The changes of states and empires made but little impression on him, (pg. 412) but he did displease the petticoat government. He describes the government as if it were a woman. Petticoat is a representation of Dame Van Winkle. Van Winkle pays no attention to his wife nor does he fight back, just as he did not fight in the war. Or, was this his war he was battling? When Van Winkle reflects on top of the mountain, he heaved a heavy sigh when he thought of encountering the terrors of Dame Van Winkle. (pg. 406) Terrors come to mind when one thinks of war. Van Winkle doesnt regard Dame as his wife, rather he thinks of her as Dame Van Winkle, with no affection.

Fulbright Research Proposal Essay

Claudia Ukonu, Netherlands, Interdisciplinary Studies The Effects of User Generated Content on mar Channel Communication Strategies Summary As a recipient of the 2013-2014 Fulbright Grant I plan to enroll in the Masters in methodology and Statistics for Behavioural, biomedical and mixer Sciences at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. While completing this degree I testament also conduct a research mull over where I result seek to answer both questions 1) How Dutch companies use corrupt channel communication strategies to grocery store bare-assed products and 2) How user generated content (i. . Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, etcetera ) effects the carrying into action of those cross channel communication strategies.The story will use surveys, interviews and statistical methods to examine buy behavior and the relevant results will be analyzed with the boldness of an internship at a Dutch market research firm. My goal in completing this study is to apply the knowledge gained from my Masters courses to the relevant topic of consumer purchasing behavior, which will build a solid foundation for entering a PhD program in Statistics.Introduction Here in the United States Pinterest, YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, and Instagram realise belong the way of projecting a glamorized image of oneself online. The idea of being modest and not bragging about ones newly purchased Lamborghini or vacation to Tahiti is long gone. Consumers are now becoming the trendsetters as they now dictate the trends that companies tailor their products around. Examining how user generated content fulfills the Esteem and Love/Belonging parts of Maslows Hierarchy of Needs can be used as a model for predicting consumer habits.With the creation of loving media networks, traditional ways of trade seem to have little to no relevance. In order for companies to be effective when introducing new products and maintaining existing ones, it is vital that they are up to dat e with current trends in marketing new products through multiple communication channels. While each of these channels may have different demographics (i. e. the age difference between Facebook users and people who commemorate newspapers) the goal of cross channel communication strategy is to ensure that the product being marketed conveys the same message on all channels.This can be a daunting task given the number of communication channels available to companies. Location In 2011, ComScore named the Netherlands as the number one country with the highest LinkedIn and Twitter penetration. This provides the complete backdrop to see how Dutch companies are not only using cross channel communication strategies but, more specifically, how they are incorporating social media into those strategies. During the grant plosive I will be under the supervision of Dr.Irene Klugkist, Associate Professor of Methodology and Statistics in the Graduate School of Social and Behavioural Sciences at Ut recht University.Methodology Upon arriving in Utrecht I will begin my MSc in Methodology and Statistics for Behavioural, Biomedical and Social Sciences at Utrecht University. I will enroll in the pursual courses for the fall semester Advanced Survey Design and Missing Data Analysis, Multivariate Statistics, Foundations of Statistics, and Computational Inference with R. During the first two months in Utrecht I will snuff it my cartridge holder focusing on becoming familiar with the foundations of statistics.In order to obtain accurate results when trying to sink the objectives of the study, it is vital that a selection of study participants is made. The participants will remain the same throughout the course of the study. This will be accomplished with the encourage of a study participant letter that will define who I am, my purpose of study, what information I will collect from participants and how that information will be used in the study. I propose that no less(prenominal) than 100 participants be selected for the study. Having more participants will allow for a greater range of differentiation as well as data collection.The first two months of the grant period is also when I will spend time locating the participants of the study. I plan to include participants who are current students and working professionals. The demographics of my study will focus on men and women who are between the ages of 18-35. I am open to the possibility of changing these demographics given that after some time of living in Utrecht, I discover a niche market, to which this studys objectives would be more relevant.The second objectiveHow user generated content (i. e.Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest etc. ) affects the implementation of cross channel communication strategies will be partially addressed in months 3-7 of the grant period. It is during this time that I will track the social behavior of the study participants. Relevant factors to the collection of this data will include the time the post was made on the social network, the content of the post and responses to the pilot burner post. Surveys will also be given to participants asking about their desire to purchase items marketed on various communication channels.The first objective of the study will be applied in the form of an internship at a Dutch marketing firm where I will first observe the current cross communication strategies. After doing this, I will analyze the data collected in the first portion of the grant period. This analysis will help to determine whether 1) Consumer purchasing behavior can be predicted on the basis of user generated content and 2) If this behavior can be predicted, how can companies utilize this to their advantage. Dr.Klugkist has expressed willingness to help me secure an internship for months 8-9 at a Dutch market research firm.During the internship I will examine the past and existing cross communication strategies of the company magical spell looking at what factors went into the planning of this strategy. Part of the MSc program requires students to participate in a traineeship in their desired field (Behavioural, Biomedical or Social Sciences) in their final year of study. Dr. Klugkist sent my research proposal to Dr.Van Hattum, a former Utrecht student who now works at a market research firm and he expressed interest in having me as a trainee during my final year at Utrecht University.Goal Throughout the study I hope to uncover cross communication opportunities that utilize social media and then use those opportunities as a foundation upon which I will develop new and existing product entry strategies. I will be able to apply this research and the resulting Masters degree to the completion of a PhD in Statistics.

Allusion: Literal meaning Essay

I would have such a fellow whipped for oerdoing Termagant (II,ii,14)Hamlet is giving instructions to the troupe of actors that has come to the castle. These actors are going to perform a run away within a play and Hamlet has added about lines to the play in the hope of exposing Claudius treachery. Termagant is an allusion to a god that Elizabethans believed Muslims worshipped. It out herods Herod (III,ii,14)Herod is the king in the Bible that had John the Baptist beheaded and was responsible for Jesus death. This allusion is curiously important to Hamlet because like Claudius, Herod married his brothers wife. John the Baptist told Herod that this was evil, so Herods wife Herodias instructed her daughter to ask for the head of John the Baptist, a request with which Herod complied.Hamlet is telling the players not to overdo their acting, not to be more like Herod than Herod himself. For O, For O, the hobbyhorse is forgotHamlet is talking to Ophelia. It is right before the play is to be performed. He looks at his mother and Claudius and complains that they have forgotten all about his father, who has only died two hours ago. Ophelia tells him it has been four months. Hamlets response continues his make-believe of being mad because he replies that his father has been dead two months, trying to convince Ophelia further that he is mad, but if a man is to be remembered after(prenominal) six months, he must build churches, otherwise he will not be remembered any more than a prostitute. The hobby horse allusion refers to a player in the pagan May-Day festivals and is sometimes associated with prostitutes

Military Courtesy and Respect Essay

Good citizenshipA good citizen needs to imbibe galore(postnominal) qualities. That he has some duties and responsibilities to bear is true, but at same time, he enjoys some rights and privileges as a citizen of a free state. While he has all right to participate in the judicial, legal politics, religious and social affairs of the nation, he has also some responsibilities i.e. not to injure the sentiments of others and to protect the weak against the strong. To tolerate by the state, under all conditions, is his first and foremost duty. A good citizen must be ready to sacrifice his everything for the sake of his motherland. He is also require to be a patriot and nationalist. He should have firm and deep faith in the welf are of his motherland. He has to obey law and order. But he has also to keep in his heart the betterment of the country, the good of society and the interest of the nation.A good citizen must respect the cultural heritage of his country, i.e. he will have to respe ct the heroes, the prophet, the sages and saints of his country. He must respect the race which has given birth to him. He must always keep in headspring the future of his country. He must attempt to raise the standard of living of his country by working honestly. At an event of aggression or conflicting attack, he must be ready to shed his blood for the sake of his motherland. Thus, defense of the country is the supreme duty of a good citizen. Unity of the nations should be his topmost priority. He should work for the unity of the country.A goodwill for other races, protection to the weak, help to the victims, sympathetic and kind consideration to his fellow citizens are things that are needed in good citizen. A good citizen should have a spirit of cooperation, friendliness, humanity, dedication, devotion for his fellow citizens. He must respect other faiths. He must not do anything which brings disgrace to his society or to his country. Greatest good of greatest take should be his principle. All these good and great qualities, if possessed, produce one a good citizenMilitary leadership Within the U.S. military, leadership is generally considered something of a given. It is a fundamental ingredient of warfare, without which the outcome of a encounter operation cannot be assured. The leader is the brain, the motive power of command, upon whom subordinates rely for guidance and wisdom, anddepend upon for good judgment. The leader must be determined, unflappable and charismatic surefooted in delegation of authority able to combine the various strands of command into a common thread seasoned, intelligent, and thoughtful.When judging the qualities of leadership, there is a tendency to echo of the gifted, or natural leader, involving some expectation that leadership is an inherent personality quality that some have, and others have not. Military history is full of born leaders, suggesting that stimulate leadership is the only true measure of the trait. For a very long time the American people relied on the emergence of beneficial such an someone when necessity demanded it, and fortunately the country has been wellserved in this respect. Much of this has been due to American military egalitarianism, which presumed that any individual, regardless of background, could lead a body of serviceman in combat as long as the leader had the requisite ability.An obvious case in point is the Civil War, which gave rise to a number of gifted commandersJoshua Chamberlain, Nathan Bedford Forrest, John Logan, and Nelson A. Miles, to name but a fewwho yet had little, if any, military training. So great was the renown of such natural leaders that a veritable school of military command grew up around them, declaring that genius alone was the true marker of leadership, and that leaders were born, not made.As the army develop and professionalized after the Civil War, these sorts of arguments met the resistance of educational reformers who argued that ce rtain principles of leadership could be taught, given the proper lessons from military history.Military ingenuity and desipline Military courtesy is essentially no different from courtesy in civilian life, just good manner and politeness in dealing with other people. The experience of life has be that courteous behavior is essential in human relations. The distinction between civilian courtesy and military courtesy is that, military courtesies were developed in a military atmosphere and have become customs and traditions of the service. Most forms of military courtesy have some counterpart in civilian life. For example, you are necessitate to saySir or Maam when you talk to an officer. Throughout our history, young men and women were taught to say Sir to their fathers and other male elders. and Maam to their mothers, unknown women and womanly elders.This tradition is still carried on and it is considered good manners for a younger man to say Sir when speaking to an older man. T he use of the word Sir or Maam is also common in the business world, in the address of letters, and in any well-ordered institution. Military courtesy is not a one-way street. Enlisted personnel must be courteous to officers, and officers are expected to return the courtesy. Officers respect soldiers as individuals, just as you respect officers as individuals. Without this basis of unwashed respect, there can be no military courtesy, and discord will result.One of the most important of military courtesies is the salute. It is a respectful greeting, a sign of recognition between military persons. It is that, and no more. Salutes are given and returned. They are a privilege of the military alone. Every officer salutes every other officer, just as every enlisted man salutes every officer. The highest-ranking general in the Army is required to return the salute of the newest private. The fact that the subordinate salutes first is simply common-sense courtesy applied to a military expre ssion it is for the same reason that gentlemen step aside for ladies in doorways and younger people are

Does Holding the Olympic Games Have Benefits for the Host Country?

AGRUMENTATIVE ESSAY Does holding the majestic Games sport pull aheads for the troops country? In recent years, the exceptional Games have developed into one of the most significant mega- world-wide sporting events (Roche,2000). More and more cities are bidding to legion the exceptionals and increasingly money are invested in Olympic bids, which is due to the reason that the government believe that they could startle benefits from such an event. During the proceeding of the 2012 London Olympic Games, amount of people in the world have been brought into focus on Olympic Games.It is such a big event, holding it successfully will improve one countrys reputation and outsmart more attention around the world. Does holding the Olympic Games have benefits for the host country? It might be said that hosting Olympic Games has some financial risks because of its exceptional(a) budgets. Countries invest huge number of money on sports facilities, which could result in the over-needed of infrastructure. However, there are many reasons why a country should organize Olympic Games.The first reason why holding Olympic Games have benefits for the host country is that, from the economic point of view, increase the income of revenue. Because of the influx of people who come from solely around the world, the needs of consumption will dramatically rise. As a result, it is contributed to the output of occurrenceory, which is benefit to the whole market. Whats more, Olympic Games attract numbers of merchants to the host country to look for the business opportunities. Their investment in the market will stimulate the growth of economic.Rose and Spiegel (2009) suggests that the rate of trade is increased 30% for those host countries, which realize an economic benefit in the form of greater openness. Furthermore, during the proceeding of the Olympics, large numbers of foreigners will come to the hosts to visit. Bolton (2004) states that the percentage of tourists is increased to 150% in the 1992 Barcelona Games, with the Spanish governments effort to stimulate the tourism. They are the potential consumer groups which could promote the local economy. This will stimulate some tourism-relative ndustries (hotels restaurants and shops) to develop. Although it is sometimes claimed that these numbers of tourists play to be temporary, it must be acknowledged that the host country could become a popular tourist desti population. In addition, practice session is another great benefit to the host countries. Holding Olympics will create some full-time jobs because of the investment in infrastructure. For example, in Atlanta, the host metropolis of the 1996 Olympic Games, the government invest astir(predicate) $2 billion to Olympic-related projects, which is leading to over 580 000 immature jobs to this region in the midst of 1991 and 1997. Steven and Bevan, 1999) suggests that the Olympic Games were stimulating economic growth up to $5. 1 billion between 1991 and 1997. During the period of games, Barcelona, the host city of the 1992 Olympic Games, the general percentage of unemployment drop from 18. 4% to 9. 6% (Brunet, 1995). The second reason why holding the Olympics Games have benefits for the host country is that infrastructure such as transportation and sports facilities will get improved during the Games. To guarantee a successful Olympics, government should invest into infrastructure, such as improve the publics transportation and sports facilities.Firstly, the Olympics have promoted the urban cultivation and have an pertain on the landscape and urban environment. In Tokyo, the host city of 1964 Olympics games, a new road and highway network was constructed to meet the short-term demands of the Games and to accommodate the citys continued population and traffic increase in the long-term. Chalkley and Essex (2010) points out a total of 22 main highways were designed for the Games, huge amount of money were spent on land acquisiti on, compensation and providing alternative sites for the activities displaced.In addition, the development of infrastructure is not directly related to the leisure facilities, commercial and open spaces, it to a fault involves improve the appearance of the host city. Secondly, the staging of Olympics often contains gird the new sporting facilities or restructure the exiting ones. It is often claimed that those facilities have failed to produce a long-term benefits to the country some of the sports venues often become unused after the Olympics is finished. However, this ignores the fact that the whole society will get beneficial from infrastructural investment and environmental improvement.The London 2012 Olympic Games have made a dedicated plan for the habit of facilities before the facilities is built. For example, after the games, the Olympics Village will become a new community housing. The new shopping centre, which is separated from the Olympic Park, will become an employment centre of this area. Transportation will get improved through the construct of new stations, line extensions and additional trains and a largest urban park will build available for both local community and for elite athletes (Olympic Delivery potential, 2007).The final reason why holding the Olympics Games have benefits for the host country is that it will answer to improve the host countrys image. For the host country, its not just a competition about sports its a chance to improve their international prominence and a sense of national pride. Firstly, it is contribute to transforming the image of the host city. In order to amplify the effect of Olympics Games, it is necessary to rely on the die of media. During the Games, the worldwide TV audience watched a cumulative 36. 1 billion hours of sport (IOC, 2001).This is one of the most effective ways to improve a nations image and attract tourists. For example, in 1996, during the 17 days of the Centennial Olympic Games, it has bee n reported that 3. 5 billion people saw the city on worldwide television coverage in 214 countries and territories and about two million people visited Atlanta, as a result, the tourist industry of the region increased dramatically (Steven and Bevan, 1999). It seems clear that a successful mega-event can enhance cities reputations through the global media coverage.Prior to the 1992 Olympics, Barcelona was only a large city in Spain, but it is now a famous destination which attracts numbers of tourists to visit. Furthermore, holding this mega-international sporting event could attract the publics interest to take part in sporting activities, and also increase local pride and community spirit, which could make a significant contribution to the quality of life of both the individual and community. For example, there is a incomparable increase in Barcelona in the participation of sports activities in the years chase the hosting of the Olympic Games.There has been an increase of 46 000 new users in the citys sports centres following the 1992 Games, with the percentage of women participating in sporting activities increasing from 35% in 1989 to 45% in 1995. Moreover, in 1994, more than 300 000 people took part in sporting events which involved the citys inhabitants on the streets of Barcelona, such as athletic competitions, popular marathon, the bicycle festival and the roller-skating festival (Truno, 1995).In conclusion, it is clear from the weight of evidence that holding Olympic Games have benefits in economic growth, infrastructure improvement and image promotion for the host country. However, there are still some aspects should get the governments attention. For example, in order to handle with the financially risks such as the increasing rate of over-budget, the international Olympic Committee, together with local Olympic organisers should make the capital budget table precisely.Moreover, the post-event facility usage should be considered before the infrast ructure is built, which is avoid to become a burden to the long-term economy. further in this way can the host country get maximise economics benefits. Bibliography Bolton, L. (2004) Despite Lackluster Ticket Sales, Can Greece Be a commodious Winner in This Years Olympics? Online Available at http//knowledge. wharton. upenn. edu/article. cfm? articleid=1026 Accessed 24/08/12. Brunet, F. (1995) An economic analysis of the Barcelona 92 Olympic Games resources, financing and impact, in Moragas, D.M. & Botella, M. (eds). The Keys of success the social, sporting, economic and communication theory impact of Barcelona 92. Bellaterra Servei de Pulbication de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona. Chalkley, B. & Essex, S (1999) Urban development through hosting international events a history of the Olympic Games. Planning Perspectives 14(4), pp. 369-394. International Olympic Committee (2001) Sydney 2000 Olympic Games Global Television Report. UK Olympic Television Research Centre Sports M arketing Surveys LtdRoche, M. (2000) Mega-Events and Modernity Olympics and Expos in the Growth of Global Culture. London Routledge. The Olympic Delivery Authority (2007) Guide to the Olympic, Paralympic & Legacy transformation planning applications and Olympic village (Part) and legacy residential planning application. Guide to Planning Applications Online (February 2007). Available at http//www. london2012. com/mm%5CDocument%5CPublications%5CPlanningApps%5C01%5C24%5C08%5C36%5Cguide-to-the-planning-applications. df Accessed 26/08/12 Rose, K. & Spiegel, M. (2011) The Olympic Effect. The Economic Journal 121(3), pp. 652-677. Steven, T. & Bevan, T. (1999) Olympic legacy. Sport Management Magazine 19 (9), pp. 1619. Truno, E. (1995) Barcelona city of sport, in Moragas, D. M. & Botella, M. (eds). The Keys of success the social, sporting, economic and communications impact of Barcelona 92. Bellaterra Servei de Pulbication de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona.

Reasons Why People Use the Internet

What is the meshwork, and how does it work? The cyberspace, including the World Wide Web, is perhaps the single most important invention to impact on elementary, secondary, and higher education in todays world. If p atomic number 18nts are to understand how their children use technologies for fixing, they must understand some things about the Internet and the Web. This section of the San Diego Public Library direct offers breeding for parents on various aspects of this invention. What is the Internet? The Internet, in simplest terms, is the large group of millions of computers around the world that are all connected to one another.These computers are connected by phone lines, fiber optic lines, coaxial cable, satellites, and wireless connections. When you log on to the Internet you are given access to many of the other computers that are connected around the world. Internet A ball-shaped network connecting millions of computers. More than 100 countries are linked into exchange s of data, news and opinions. Unlike online services, which are centrally controlled, the Internet is decentralized by design. Each Internet computer, called a host, is independent.Its operators can choose which Internet services to use and which local services to make available to the global Internet community. Remarkably, this anarchy by design works exceedingly well. There are a variety of ways to access the Internet. Most online services, such as America Online, offer access to some Internet services. It is also possible to gain access through a commercial Internet Service supplier (ISP). The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide.It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and disposal networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies . The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support email. Top 10 Reasons pack Use the Internet 1. Information The Internet is arguably one of the most successful and useful tools mankind has ever created.It is, in fact, the largest library ever created, and is growing daily. Although you need to always be careful of your sources, the Internet is THE modern source of information, delivered in multiple media written word, visual graphics and images, video, and audio have changed the way that we humans look for and find information. 2. Communication People use the Internet to communicate with one another. Software has made it possible to stream voice and video across the world with minimal delay, and email has conk out the main means of communicating for many a modern person.Without the Internet, it would be both more expensive and slower to maintain p ersonal and professional relationships. 3. recreation Many pile use the Internet to enjoy themselves and to engage in personal interests. In recent years, multiple player games and virtual worlds have prosecute the time and money of many. Plus, video and music are easy to find, stream and downloadplus, the medium encourages feedback Indeed, Internet use can go too far. plainly how can you know if youre addicted to the Internet? We list the criteria and signs of Internet addiction in the link above. 4.Work The Internet provides an alternative to 9-5 workdays, as more and more people can work from home, or telecommute. Plus, a growing number of people are making a living from the Internet itself, shrink becoming experts in how people search the Internet, providing IT or web development services, or specializing in Internet marketing. 5. School More and more elementary, high teach and university curricula require use of the Internet for school work. 6. Relationships People use the Internet to find, maintain, or end relationships. But people can get addicted to favorable networks, too.More on how to know if youre a Facebook addict here. 7. Market People use the Internet to research, find and buy services and products. Or to invest and sell to the ultimate consumer. In effect, the Internet has become THE best way to buy and sell merchandise, as online stores are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. 8. Sexuality Although it may surprise you, its no secret that a real majority of search is centered around porn. So, people men use the Internet to view pornography and to engage their sexual instinct. 9. Self expression People not only consume information on the Internet, they spend a penny it.And in doing so, people are able to express themselves politically, artistically, vocally, socially, etc. and give voice to what is important to them. The Internet is the ultimate forum on which you can contend or monologue as you like. 10. Ask for help The protoco l for Internet use is one of private consumption without need for naming yourself. By honor of the privacy and anonymity factor of cyber space, Some people use the Internet to ask for help. People ask for help in the form of emotional support, medical examination advice, or even simply listening. If you think that you may be an Internet addict, there is help out there for you.If you want to explore the deeper emotional and mental issues for compulsive use of the Internet, first start by asking for help from your family doctor. S/He may refer you to a mental health specialiser or center for technology addictions in your area. Or, if there are no specialists that live in your area, you might even consider videoconferencing, a form of surpass psycho therapy that is starting to help people, no matter where you are. Whatever the case, you may need help to uncover the real reasons behind your reliance on the Internet, and to learn how to cut back and monitor Internet use for a healthy mind.

Island of the Sequined Love Nun Chapter 62~64

62Like Clockwork SpiesMalink found the old cannibal in a small clearing in the jungle, urinating on a young banana tree. I brought you food. Malink dropped the basket and sit garbage down be hapless a tree. Sarapul hearmed to be taking a long time at his task.Sometimes its hard, Malink said.Sometimes I cant go at all, Sarapul said. It hurts. He shuddered and turned around with a grin, smoo affaire down his thu. But non today. He sat down next to Malink and reached into the basket for a hunk of fish.I hear the music last night, Sarapul said. The white bitch haves more of x now. He offered Malink a military personnel of fish and the chief took it.There are three chosen in only ten days. I think they wont beget back sometimes. Vincent says that she is not the alternate Priestess. The pilot said she will kill us.Then we must fight.Knives against guns? You remember the war.I remember. Come. He got up and led Malink through the underbrush to a cakehole log. He reached in and pull ed out a long bundle wrapped in oiled sharkskin. A man must take the strength of his enemies. If he cannot eat him and take his strength, he must take his weapon.Sarapul unwrapped the bundle to reveal a World War II vintage Japanese bolt-action rifle. He had obviously been visiting this spot because the rifle was covered with a thin coat of fish oil and gleamed handle new. I cut off his coveringic word and took his gun.Malink remembered the wrath of the Japanese on his state after the solider disappeared. You did that? You were the one?It was a long time ago, Sarapul said. He reached into the bundle again and pulled out three prey off cartridges. But I saved these.They throw international machine guns, Malink said.She doesnt.The shriek came a little after midnight. stick in had slept since he got to the hotel, stuffing toilet paper in his ears to block out the noise of the television and Sepie talking back to it.Take a cab to general aviation at the airport, Jake said. Th e hangar you want says Is world Adventures on the side. Ill be waiting. sneak in climbed out of bed and turned off the television.Hey, Sepie said. She was sitting cross-legged on the floor well-nigh a foot from the screen. cumulate crouched and took her mettle in his hands. Tomorrow at six you take the tickets and go downstairs. Tell the man at the desk you want to go to the airport. The bus will take you.I tell apart this, she said.Just listen. A tall man with long hair will be there.Right. Jake, Sepie said. I know this.If hes not there, go to one of the hands in the blue hats and tell him you need help getting on your plane. Hell help you. When you get to Houston, go into the airport and call this number. Tell the woman who answers that I told you to call. Shell help you.And you will come and get me soon, right?Ill try.What about Roberto?They hadnt seen the fruit bat since the mascara bombing. Roberto will be fine. Hell live here, but I have to go. He kissed her on the forehea d and before he could pull away she wrapped her arms around his neck and kissed him on the lips so hard he vista he might have cut his lip.You come get me.I will.He stood and went out the door. A few seconds later he heard Sepie call to him from down the hall. HeyTuck turned.How come you dont try to sex me?I will.Okay, she said, and she went back into the style.Jake was waiting for him at the Island Adventures hangar. A Hughes 500 meat cleaver with its doors removed sat on a pad by the hangar. I rented it for an hour. I fuck it up and we owe Mary Jean five grand for the deposit.Tuck looked at the chopper sitting on the pad akin a huge black dragonfly and he began to get a really bad feeling. You dont want me to do what I think you want me to do, do you?Ill put the skid right over the hatch. You just step out of one aircraft onto another. No problem. It cant be one-half as bad as what I had to do to get the hatch left open.Tuck began to protest, but Jake was already walking to the helicopter. Tuck climbed into the helicopter and slipped on the headset. Jake threw the switches and the turbine began to whine. In a few seconds the blades slowly began to rotate.Tuck keyed the intercom mike on his headset so Jake could hear him over the blades. Youll never get noncurrent the tower.Ive done it before, Jake said. I had to repo a Jet Ranger for a guy cable once.Theyll never clear you.Theres no traffic. Besides, you think theyre going to clear you? Its master copy Midnights rock-and-roll n roll express from here on out, big guy.Jake pulled the collective lever by the side of his seat and the helicopter lifted into the air. Within seconds, Tuck heard the tower jabbering over the radio, warning the Hughes 500 to wait for clearance. Jake brought the helicopter up just high enough to clear the top of the hangar and flew in a low wide circle around the airport, whence began his own jabber.Honolulu Tower, this is Helicopter One, approaching from the west on Runway T wo. I have a problem with my tail rotor. Requesting emergency landing.The tower came back Helicopter One, didnt you just take off without clearance?Negative, Tower. Im in from Maui. Request emergency clearance.Of course, Tuck thought. Jake flew the circle below the radar and without the running lights. They have no idea whether this is the same helicopter that just took off.Jake sent the helicopter into a horizontal whirlpool that moved it closer to the planes by the hangars with every rotation, just as it moved Tuck closer to throwing up. Jake stopped the spin for a second and nodded toward a unify 747. Thats your baby. Get out of your harness and get ready. They wont know youre there. Get inside and wait two hours before you start your taxi. I dont want them to connect the helicopter with the resinous. By the way, howre you going to get your natives on board?Theyve got ladders, Tuck said. I hope. Tuck hung his headset nookie the seat and unsnapped his harness just as Jake resu med his spin. Tuck grabbed on to the seat to keep from being thrown out the open door. What looked like an out-of-control aircraft was, in fact, a pretty elementary move called a pedal turn. Tuck found no comfort in that knowledge as he watched the tarmac spin below.Jake pulled the helicopter up just in time to get off the tail of the 747, then leveled it off and crept forward along the length of the huge aircraft. The tail would obscure the view from the tower. You ready? he shouted.Tuck shake his head violently. He could see the line of the hatch he was jobd to go through. He stepped out on the skid. Jake brought the helicopter down and the skid touched the top of the jet. NowTuck stepped off onto the plane and ducked instinctively below the blades. He looked back at Jake, shrugged, and shouted, That was easy.I told you, Jake shouted. He pulled the helicopter into the sky and started his spin toward the Island Adventures pad.Tuck got on his knees, dug his fingers into the seal a round the hatch, and pulled it open. He jumped into the dark plane, sealed the hatch female genitals him, then sat in the pilots seat and began to study the controls. He clicked on the nav computer and punched in the longitude and latitude for Alualu, which he knew by heart, then pulled a piece of paper from his pocket and put in the coordinates for his second destination. He put on a headset and turned on the radios. The frequency was already set for the Honolulu tower. Jake was receiving the official FAA ass-chewing of the century, but there wasnt a word about anyone dropping to the top of a United jet. He had just taken off the headset to settle down for the wait when he heard a slit sound outside the escape hatch. He opened it and Roberto plopped inside.63No FrillsThe throw away Priestess was drunk. She and the Sorcerer had made two million dollars in the last ten days and she couldnt even buy a pair of shoes. The new pilot, Nomura, was a heavily tattooed, taciturn prick who spoke marginal English and looked at her like hed rape her in a second, not for the pleasure of the violence, but to put her in her place. Since his arrival, even the ninjas had started to get cocky, joking in Japanese and laughing raucously when her back was turned. Even the shark People seemed to be losing their fear of her. The last time she had appeared to them the children were left in the village. So the Sky Priestess was watching television in a torn T-shirt and some sweatpants and she was drunk.The intercom beeped and she let it. If it hadnt run on batteries, she would have unplugged it. Instead, she threw it through the french doors, where it beeped the beach for two more minutes, then stopped. The next time she saw it Sebastian was standing in the door holding it like a prosecutor exhibiting a murder weapon to the jury.I suppose you think this is funny.Not particularly. Now if it had hit you in the head, that would be funny.We have an order, Beth. A Kidney.Oh, good. Im in great shape to assist a surgery. Lets do two kidneys. Give the buyer a bonus. What do you say? She sloshed her tumbler of vodka.Sebastian picked up the empty Absolut bottle from the end table. This isnt going to work, Beth. You cant appear as the Sky Priestess like that. He seemed more afraid than angry.You are absolutely correct, Bastian. The goddess has taken the night off.Sebastian paced back and forth in front of her, rubbing his chin. We could stall. We could put you on some oxygen and amphetamines and you could be ready in an hour.She laughed. And ruin this buzz? I dont think so. Tell them to find another source for this one.He shook his head. I dont think I can do that. Nomuras been on the phone with them. He told them we could deliver in six hours.She hissed. Nomuras a fucking grunt. He does what we say. This is our operation.Im not so sure, Beth. I really dont want to tell him no. Please take a shower and make some coffee. Ill be back in a minute with an oxygen cylinder.N o, Bastian, she whined. I dont want to spend six hours in a plane with that asshole.You wont have to, Beth. Theyve requested that we send him alone this time.She sat up. Alone? Whos going to watch him? Suddenly she felt very sober.No one needs to watch him, Beth. He works for them, remember? You were right. We shouldnt have gotten a pilot from them.An hour and forty minutes after he dropped through the hatch, Tuck started the procedure to power up the 747. Hed never actually flown anything this big or anything nearly this big but he had done twenty hours in a simulator in Dallas and only crashed twice. All planes fly the same, he told himself and he started the showtime engine. Once it had spooled up, he had the power to start the other three. He put on the headset and looked out the side window to make sure he had room to turn the plane and taxi it to the runway. As soon as it started moving, the tower began to chatter, trying runner to get him to identify himself, then to stop . Roberto, who was hanging from the straps on the flight of stairs officers seat beside Tuck, barked twice and let loose a high-pitched squeal.Youre cookin with gas, buddy, came over the radio. Jake was close enough to see the big jet.Where are you, Jake?Out of the way, buddy, but thank for using my name on the radio. Just thought you ought to know that youre going to need fifty-one one hundred feet of runway to get that thing off the build at your destination and thats with full flaps, so save your fuel now. Youd better tell them what youre doing unless youve got collision insurance on that thing.Tuck keyed the mike handout on the steering yoke. Honolulu Tower, this is United passage One requesting immediate clearance for emergency takeoff on Runway Two.Theres no such thing as an emergency takeoff, the controller said. Tuck could tell he was close to losing it.Well, Tower, Im taking off on Two, and if youve got anything headed that way, Id say youve got an emergency on your h ands, wouldnt you?The tower guy was almost screaming now. Negative on the clearance Clearance denied, United jet. Return to the terminal. We have no flight plan for a United Flight One.Tower, United Flight One requesting you chill and be a professional about this. Clear to ten thousand. I am starting my takeoff.Negative, negative. Identify yourselfThis is Captain Roberto T. Fruitbat signing off, Honolulu Tower. Tuck clicked off the radio, pushed the throttles up, and watched the jet exhaust pressure gauges. When they got to 80 percent of maximum thrust, he re-leased the ground brakes and one hundred and seventy thousand pounds of aircraft rolled down the runway and swept into the sky.At ten thousand feet he began his turn toward Alualu.The fighters joined him a hundred miles pairing of Guam. Evidently, they had found out that United did not employ a Captain Fruitbat. One of the F-18 fighters came in close and Tuck waved to him. The pilot signaled for Tuck to put on his headset. Wh y not?Tuck assumed they would be broadcasting across a number of frequencies. Yo, good morning, gents, Tuck said.United 747, change your course and land at Guam Airport or we will force you down.Tuck looked out the window at the sidewinder air to air missiles hanging menacingly under the wings of the fighter. And how, exactly, do you propose to do that, gentlemen?Repeat, change your course and land in Guam immediately or we will force you down.That would be fine, Tuck said. Go ahead, force me and my hundred and fifteen passengers down. Tuck let off the mike button and turned to Roberto. Okay, you go in the back and pretend to be a hundred and fifteen people.As Tuck had calculated, the fighters backed off while they waited for instructions. They were not about to shoot down an American passenger jet without very specific orders, whether it was stolen or not. He believed his biggest advantage was that the FAA and United would insist that no one could steal a 747. That sort of thing ju st didnt happen. Nice of them to give him an escort, though. He punched some buttons and the nav computer told him he was only half an hour from Alualu. He started his descent.He checked the position of the fighters and hit the mike button. This is the UFO trading the F-18s.Go ahead, United.Are you guys both listening?Go ahead.Tuck affected a singsong teasing tone Neener, neener, neener, you cant get me. Then he locked the mike in the on position and began singing an off-key version of Fly Me to the Moon.Malink, I hope you built those ladders, he thought.Malink had been awakened early by the Sorcerers jet taking off and he was on his way to the beach for his morning bowel movement when Vincent appeared to him.Morning, squirt, the flyer said.Malink stopped on the path and fought to catch his breath. Vincent. I build the ladders.You did good, kid. Now get everyone together and I mean everyone and tell them to go to the airstrip. Take the ladders. Im sending a plane for you.Malink shook his head. You send payload?Vincent laughed. No, kid, Im taking the Shark People to the cargo. Youll need the ladders to get on the plane. Dont be afraid. Just get everyone.The Sky Priestess has three who have been chosen. One has just come back to the village.Vincent looked at his feet. Im sorry, kid. Youll have to leave them. Go now. You dont have very long. Ill see you again. And he disappeared.64DeliveranceBeth and Sebastian Curtis were cleaning the operating room and sterilizinginstruments when they scratch heard the jet.That sounds low, Sebastian said casually.Then the fighters, running ahead of the 747, passed over the island.What in the hell was that? Beth said. She dropped a pan of instruments and headed for the door.Probably just military exercises, Beth, Sebastian called after her. Its aught to be concerned about. He was glad to have help cleaning up and didnt want to lose it. Usually, at this point, she was on the plane heading for Japan.Bastian, come here she ca lled. Somethings upSebastian shoved the last of the surgical draperies into a canvas bag and hurried outside. The sound of jet engines seemed to be everywhere.Outside he found Beth thoroughgoing(a) at some coconut palms. The guards were standing outside their quarters, looking in the same direction. Look. Beth pointed to the north.What? I dont see Then he saw movement behind the palms and a 747 coming toward the island at entirely too low an angle.Its landing, Beth said.Sebastians gaze was caught by more movement in his peripheral vision. He looked across the runway. The Shark People were coming out of the jungle. All of the Shark People.From the 747 the airstrip looked smaller than he had remembered. To conserve runway Tuck wanted to touch down as close to the near end as possible. He pulled full flaps and checked his descent rate. The Shark People were moving toward the plane in a wave. Some of the men carried long ladders.As all sixteen tires hit the runway, Tuck slammed the lev ers that reversed the engines and they screamed in protest. Immediately, he hit the ground brakes and watched the brake temperature gauge zoom into the red as the jet screamed toward the ocean at the far end of the runway at a hundred and fifty miles per hour.Did you see the ladders? Roberto said, but this time it was Vincents voice coming from the bat. Ya fuckin mook, I told you they were makin ladders.You must come, Malink said. He crouched at the edge of the jungle where the old cannibal was hiding. Vincent said all of our people must go.Sarapul watched as the huge jet slowly turned at the end of the runway. No. I am too old. This is my home. They dont want me where you are going.We dont know where we are going.Your people didnt want me here. Would they want me in this new place? I will stay.Malink looked to the runway. I have to go now.Sarapul waved him off with a wasted hand. Go. You go. He turned and walked into the jungle.Malink ran into the open and began shouting orders to the men with the ladders. The Shark People poured onto the runway and surrounded the jet like termites serving their swollen queen.Beth Curtis saw the first of the doors on the 747 open and immediately recognized Tuck. A tall ladder was thrown against the plane and the Shark People started climbing.Hes taking them away she screamed.Sebastian Curtis stood stupefied.Beth shouted to the guards, checker them, you idiotsThe guards had been spellbound by the landing of the jet as well, but her harpylike scream brought them to action. They were in and out of their quarters in seconds, running toward the airstrip with their Uzis. Beth Curtis ran behind them, belly laugh like a tortured siren.All six doors of the 747 were open now, and the Shark People were streaming up the ladders, mothers carrying children, the strongest men helping the old.The other guards piled up behind Mato while he unlocked the gate. He fumbled with the key, then finally sent it home and pulled the chain from aroun d the bars.Beth Curtis hit the chain-link and curled her fingers though it like claws as she watched her fortune piling into the plane. collide with she screamed. Shoot that son of a bitchThe guards had no idea who she meant, but they understood the command to shoot. The first one through the gate pulled up and pointed his Uzi at the crowd of natives waiting to get up the ladder. There was a fat one who seemed to be giving orders. He aimed for the contract of his back.A smoke took the guard high in the chest, knocking him back off his feet. His Uzi clattered on the runway. The other guards pulled up, looking for the source of the shot..Kill them all, you fucking cowards Beth Curtis yelled. ShootThe guards crouched to make themselves into smaller targets as they scanned the edge of the jungle for movement.There was a roar and the guards looked up to see two fighter jets coming in low over the runway. Their decision was made. They ran for the cover of the compound as Beth Curtis sc reamed at their backs.She ran out to the dead guard, picked up his Uzi, and pointed it at the747. A gunshot came from the jungle and a bullet ricocheted off the concrete next to her. She turned the Uzi toward the trees and pulled the trigger. It roared for three seconds, the recoil pulling her sideways as the bullets chopped a pattern in the vegetation like a remotecontrol Cuisinart. She brought the gun back around on the plane and pulled the trigger, but the clip was empty.She threw the gun to the ground and stood shaking as the last of the ladders was thrown away from the plane and the doors were pulled shut.

Positions During A Childbirth Health And Social Care Essay

BBC universe intelligence ( 2004 ) online bind titled, bodily functions urged over painful fork outs provinces that 40 % of large(p) pistillates checked from the National Child drive home Trust are non encouraged to exchange to a much well-heeled up right place during childbearing. A representative from the NCT, Belinda Phipps, stresses in the bind that presuming a posing, crouching or rest place reduces hurting, anxiousness, and extradural usage. This article anyhow remarks that placental blood flow is increased as is anyways the infinite mingled with pelvic castanetss while presuming an upright place ( 2004 ) .The by-line article from bragging(a)birthnatur eachy.com, titled Best Labor and Birth Positions states that the grounds for taking a lithotomy place during labour has nil to make with h onetime(a) dear or effectivity for the feminine parent and foetus, but instead for the physician s convenience ( 2007 ) . In add-on, a supine place may besides take to a excess intercessions, which include usage of hostps, vacuity and episiotomy. The writer besides points out that holding the adult female s legs pulled O.K. during forcing additions idiom on the perineum and increases hazard of rupturing ( 2007 ) .In contrast, the 2010 article Preparing for & A giving birth from askamum.co.uk, gives ground to believe that being in a supine place is good. It argues that adult females may experience psychologically more comfy merely because they are more familiar with that place. It besides notes that a posing place has its drawbacks because it puts greater ram down per unit area on the tail bone and limits its operation ( 2010 ) .Research ArticlesIn the quantitative survey by Adachi, Shimada and Usui ( 2003 ) , the hurting strength of labour experienced by female parents was evaluated utilizing supine and sitting places. A sample of 39 primiparous and 19 multiparous was apply and back and abdominal hurting were measured utilizing a optical parallel graduated table ( VAS ) . This survey was a nonexperimental retrospective chart reappraisal. The findings reported that there were lower hurting tonss in a sitting place compared to a supine place. The hurting tonss included uninterrupted lumbar and abdominal hurting during labour and besides during contractions. Using a 100 millimeter VAS graduated table a alteration greater than 13 millimetre in tonss would be more than sufficient for lessened alteration in patient badness ( Adachi, Shimada and Usui, 2003 ) . Although there were no important lessens in abdominal hurting in either place there was a noticeable lessening affecting back hurting greater than 13 millimetres. Restrictions of the survey included that hurting badness was non measured in all variants and stages of labour. The hurting measurings were done for 15 minute intervals and were non administered on a regular basis. This survey besides involved a homogeneous sample in merely one clinic. The correlativ ity surrounded by hurting and parturition places besides is may be weak because it merely two places were used. The strength of this survey is that it used a VAS instrument. The VAS mensuration instrument has been validated to reliably step both the quantitative degree of hurting and its badness with dependability.The quantitative survey conducted by Shorten and Donsante ( 2002 ) , examined birth places which influenced perineal cryings. Datas from 2981 vaginal births were analyzed utilizing a nonexperimental design and logical arrested development theoretical accounts. These theoretical accounts were used to categorise the dependent variables as perineal cryings, episiotomies and integral perineum. for each one variable was coded as either a 0 ( non ) or 1 ( nowadays ) if a status was present. Findingss for the survey indicated that a correlativity did be between birth place and perineum result at the terminal of labour ( Shorten & A Donsante, 2002 ) . The side- guile sidelong place had the highest association with an addition for integral perineum. in that respect was an 84 % opportunity of episiotomy when in the semi-recumbent place. cardinal of the restrictions of the survey was that a randomized run acrossled test design was non used. An extra restriction was that immaterial variables such as perineum direction ( massage, oils, etcetera ) were non recorded during the survey. nonetheless, the strength of this survey was the appraisal and designation of factors/variables such as age, birth-attendant, newborn weight, and length of 2nd phase on the chance of tear, episiotomy and integral perineum.The following quantitative survey conducted by Mayberry, Stange, Suplee, and Gennaro ( 2003 ) , studied if low-dose extradural usage affected fluctuations of erect places. A sample of 74 primiparous adult females was studied. The survey s design was a nonexperimental descriptive survey with no control group. The findings reported that all 74 adult females w ere able to presume any of the eight unsloped places in the survey during 1st and 2nd phase of labour. The major restriction of the survey was the usage of a convenience sample, which poses a greater hazard of parti pris and lowers generalisation of consequences. unrivaled the strengths of this survey was consistence. Two trained research nurses were the lone 1s allowed to go to attention to all of the 74 survey topics. Besides the survey s sample included adult females of unalike age, weight and tallness.Another quantitative survey, conducted by Jonge, Rijnders, Diem, Scheepers, and Janssen ( 2009 ) , examined the influence of sociodemographic and labour factors on the choice of delivering places in 2nd phase labour. The design was a nonexperimental retrospective cohort survey which used a postal questionnaire. The sample consisted of 665 low-risk adult females participants who received attention from accoucheuses. The writers found that 30.5 % of the adult females used the supi ne place along with other places. Of those 203 adult females, 42 % were 36 old ages of age or older and extremely educated ( Jonge et al. 2009 ) . Restrictions to the survey were the tuition was collected 3-4 old ages after the birth. The long period of clip may hold increased remembrance prejudice and weakened the relationship of variables in the survey. There was besides no information collected on how much control adult females had to take different places. Besides other clinical factors which influence birth places such as foetal weight, place, station, and emphasis were non included in the survey. The survey s strength was that information was merely used if midwife attention began from the split of 2nd phase of labour. The sample composed of patient from eight different obstetrics patterns could besides be considered a strength to the survey because it added fluctuation of race, age, and sociodemographics.In the qualitative survey by De Jonge and Largo-Janssen ( 2004 ) , ins ight into adult females s experience and influences of birth places were explored during labour. The design was a qualitative cohort pilot survey. Womans were sent a questionnaire and consent signifiers if they wished to take part in one to one interviews for the pilot survey. Twenty adult females agreed to take part in the survey. The pilot survey involved merely the topics and accoucheuses who were present during the labour. Of the 20 adult females, 13 of them used more than one place during the 2nd phase of labour. Ten adult females by and large were in the supine place during labour and 11 of the 20 gave birth in that place ( De Jonge & A Largo-Janssen, 2004 ) . Findingss for this survey revealed that 17 of the 20 adult females claimed the accoucheuse as the biggest ground that influences their pick of place. Eleven adult females stated that the type of places used influenced the type of hurting experienced. Eight adult females felt they had more control direction of their labo ur forcing piece in an unsloped place during the 2nd phase. The survey s strengths were that all interviews were face to face and recorded. To heighten the sum-up of their experience troika types of the undermentioned informations were used interview, questionnaire and background information from the original pilot survey. The survey topics were besides able to take the scene of the interview and were all asked open-ended inquiries. One of the major restrictions of this survey was that the interviewer was the same accoucheuse that had been at that place for their labour. This could hold caused a Hawthorne consequence in the topics responses. There was about a 7-19 hebdomad broadcast between the existent labour and the research interview which may hold biased callback.Compare and ContrastIn general, the consumer articles and the research articles both agreed on the benefits and results of utilizing different places other than supine. The BBC consumer article included in their piec e an NCT representative who stated an unsloped place would be good to cut tear down hurting and promote protect ( Action urged over painful births 2004 ) . This concurs with findings by Adachi et Al ( 2003 ) their analysis of average VAS tonss that showed lower hurting tonss for entire hurting and during contractions while in a sit down place. A average five point difference in entire hurting for uninterrupted and contraction hurting during labour was reported. The survey s near important findings was a average 12 point difference in tonss for lumbar hurting during the first phase of labour ( 6-8cm dilation ) when in a seated place ( Adachi et al 2003 ) .Another similarity between articles was the perineum result and placement this was apparent in the survey by Shorten & A Donsante and the consumer article Best Labor and Birth Positions . Shorten & A Donsante s ( 2002 ) survey reported the highest rate ( 66.6 % ) for integral perineum was in the sidelong place. The lowes t rate ( 42 % ) of the birth places for integral perineum was the squatting place. The rates clearly show an advantage of utilizing the sidelong side-lying place over merely utilizing the semi-recumbent place. This corresponds with the ( Best Labor and Birth Positions 2010 ) testimonial of utilizing different places to diminish likely goon of cryings, episiotomies and utilize excess intercessions.The consumer article Best Labor and Birth Position besides agreed with the survey by De Jonge et Al. ( 2009 ) . The survey concluded that scenes in which the accoucheuse is the primary attention giver during intrapartum, there was a higher chance of utilizing more than one birth place. De Jonge et Al. ( 2009 ) , qualitative survey besides showed that the nurse accoucheuse is an of import determiner in act uponing birth places. This suggests that the wellness attention professional dramas in important piece of ground in pick of places. Best Labor and Birth Position besides states tha t the predominate usage of one place ( largely lithotomy ) is based entirely on convenience for the obstetrician. In add-on, the BBC consumer article states that unsloped places are non encouraged in the West by accoucheurs.Both consumer and primary articles besides agree on comfort and anxiousness being decreased when utilizing different places. Several adult females in the De Jonge & A Largo-Janssen s ( 2004 ) survey claimed to experience more abashed and less comfy chiefly in one place ( supine ) during old labours. In this research study the participants assumed a assortment of places non used in old labours. Towards the terminal of labour, the participant would exchange to the supine place and reported experiencing more comfy utilizing this method. One adult female descri crease her labour experience as the more you can propose yourself, or happen out places for yourself, the better I find it coming to footings with it, instead than person stating, and now lay down and you pu sha ( De Jonge & A Largo-Janssen, 2004 ) . This is similar to BBC s article, in which Belinda Phipps advocates adult female to acquire up and travel about or exchange places instead than merely lying down and waiting.A little figure of dissensions did be between the consumer and research articles over birth places. Fixing for & A giving birth notes that several places may non be comfy and may really increase hurting. The standing place is reported to be the most exhausting while being in all 4s would most likely cause giddiness. This article besides argues that crouching and kneeling places would besides increase fatigue duty because of the usage of more force in leg musculuss. However the Mayberry et Al. ( 2003 ) survey reported that one of the chief advantage of jumping places is overall maternal weariness is reduced. Although merely two places were used in Adachi et Al. ( 2003 ) survey they besides reported overall less hurting tonss for adult females.The usage of extradur al anaesthesia was besides a point of dissension between Preparing for & A giving birth and the survey of Mayberry et Al ( 2003 ) . Fixing for & A giving birth encourages that when having epidural the female parent should remain in bed to restrict motion and placement ( Preparing for & A giving birth , 2010 ) . Mayberry et Al. ( 2003 ) survey reported that 67 % of adult females in the survey labored in two or more places and 21.6 % labored in four or more places. Besides two adult females in the survey were able to walk around after having the epidural.One of the safety issues that were addressed by ( Preparing for & A giving birth , 2010 ) is that presuming a sitting place may suppress transition for the babe. This is due to the increased force per unit area on the tail bone. It is besides advocated when in a kneeling place to utilize tablets or seeking the place in bed because of the force per unit area on the articulatio genuss. The article besides encourages restrict ing lying on your dorsum because the weight of the uterus pressure on blood vass and as a consequence may restrict blood supply to the babe. When the female parent has chosen hapless birth places the hazard of get up dystocia, foetal hurt, and usage of internal monitoring and other complications may increase ( Best Labor and Birth Position , 2010 ) .Nursing ChallengeA nursing challenge on birth places would most likely occur in the labour and bringing unit and at everyday office visits during gestation. The contention of birth places lies in the deficiency of focussing about alternate places and non deficiency of options given by wellness suppliers. Nurses play an of import duty in educating adult females of alternate places and by authorising adult females to do picks. Nurse must be cognizant of each birth place s pros and cons on the foetus and female parent. These issues must be explained clearly in non-jargon footings whenever possible. Questions should be encouraged and de veloping places in progress can fix the female parent for when labour begins. This requires the nurse to be patient and helpful with the female parent happening the place she is most comfy at the minute. As the labour progresses hurting, anxiousness and weariness might increase, so the nurse must back up the female parent psychologically and physiologically.PICO QuestionAfter comparing the diverse point of views of consumer and research articles on birth places a hereafter survey might frolic to these issues with adult females with multiple foetuss.PICO Question Do the same benefits of utilizing more than one place during labour in a individual birth use to a female parent of multiple gestations in their first gestation?Population Mothers in their first gestation with multiple gestations.Intervention A assortment of different birth places.Comparison Mothers with multiple gestations that merely used one place during labour.Result Datas may demo a lessening in perineal cryings, hurt ing, anxiousness, weariness and addition in comfort for the female parent and foetuss.Decision

Religion and Dance Essay

Do you see any similarities between the rituals of primitive societies and rituals that we have in right aways society? Society today does hire saltation in religious ceremonies or make but non necessarily in a ritualistic form that earlier primitive societies would use per say. However, dance in two today and past societies used basic, everyday motions and movements to form dances, where some of these dance practices atomic number 18 still used even today. How might ones moral, religious and ethical determine influence their thoughts and opinions on art? Discuss specific examples in relation to the question.Some religions might judgement dance as promiscuous or offensive with mere basic body movements such as a hip sway or that of similar movements. For example, most people generally view a traditional form of dance, the belly dance, in the Islamic culture as sexual yet that is not the sole purpose of it whatsoever. Even in todays society, people are aware that the interpr et of sex is everywhere and can even be seen in the modern day dance culture. unheeding of a persons religious background, values, or beliefs, anyone can decide on what they consider to be art.All of these factors can influence ones decision on what art is to them. Can you trust of any works of art, in addition to the ones mentioned, that were not readily accepted by the society in which they were created, but held in high regards years later? John Singer Sargents Madame Pierre Gautreau, created in 1884, caused a huge uproar over the reddish pink color used on the cleaning womans ear lobe. At the time, it was considered far too suggestive and supposedly ruining the reputation of high-society. What do you think is meant by the final assertion an audiences response to a dance says as much about the audience as it does the dance, and do you agree or disagree with this statement?The statement basically says that the way an audience reacts to a dance explains and gives a representatio n of their interpretation of the piece. Meaning both as individuals and as a whole audience. I personally agree with the statement, mainly because it is true. The viewers are just as important as the dance itself because they are the ones that give heart to a dance or any work of art for that matter.

How Does Poverty Affect Worldwide Development Essay

How does poverty affect cosmopolitan development and the use of the Millennium instruction Goals?The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) atomic number 18 a group of goals created by the U.N, set to be achieved globally by 2015. There are eight different goals ranging from Gender equivalence to Environmental Sustainability. The first goal is To eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger and more specifically, Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the likeness of slew whose income is less than $1 a twenty-four hours. By 2005, the global poverty point declined from 46% in 1990 to 27%. Also, the depend of people in developing regions living on less than $1.25 (US) a day declined from 1.8 billion in 1990 to 1.4 billion in 2005. This was really encouraging to the U.N. but then, the financial crisis hit. The economic crises sparked largish declines in exports and slowed trade worldwide. Thankfully, the overall poverty rate is still expected to fall to 15 per penny by 2015.This translates into around 920 million people living under the poverty line which is half the summate in 1990.capital of SingaporeSingapore is most certainly a developed country as it has a booming economy and has completed e really MDG. When the Millennium Development Goals were created in 2000, Singapore was already a very developed country and one of the biggest powers in Asia.One of Singapores main trades is touristry, and in 2010, Singapore welcomed 11.6 million visitors, which generated 18.8 billion dollars. In the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report released by the innovation Economic Forum, Singapore emerged top in the Asia-Pacific region, and was ranked 10th out of 139 world economies for competitiveness of the tourism arena. This just goes to show that Singapore is a key player in the world tourism sector and is up the top with Switzerland, Germany, France and Canada.There is very little data about poverty in Singapore as it can only be found in a small number of cases sooner than tens of thousands of people. That being said, Singapore does have many poor and homeless people. Sadly, they are usually the elderly laborious to look after themselves by busking or selling items off the streets. The Singapore government has implemented different action plans to counter this problem and has welfare programs that can help people in desperate need. shortly however, there are only 3000 families qualify.The average household income was at S$7,214 in 2010, which is more than becoming for a family to afford basic necessities. However this data may not be accurate at representing the situation. The number may have been lifted significantly by the wealthy locals and expats living here. What this does is cover the concomitant that there may be families living on much less that stated.CambodiaCambodia is recognised as a developing country and needs assistance in completing MDG number 1. Cambodia has a lack of inhering resources and a primitive industrial base causing agri culture to be a key fictional character in its economy. Rice provides the staple diet and was Cambodias major export before 1970. Cambodias real GDP is $30.13 Billion U.S and the average income is $2000 U.S. This statement does not do the situation in Cambodia any justice. The people of Cambodia (usually in rural areas) suffer from 31% of the population being under the poverty line. This means that they stand up on less than $1.25 U.S a day.From 2003, when the Government of Cambodia commenced the MDGs, Cambodia has made good progress in some goals and very limited in others. While there has been a significant improvement in poverty range in urban areas, the rates are still very high in rural areas. Implementing MDG number 1 would heavy(p)ly improve the lives of the Cambodians. In 1990, it is estimated that 29% of Cambodia was below the Dollar a Day rate before falling to 19% in 2004. Poverty has stalled the development of Cambodia as the priority of the government is concentra te on the people in poverty. To complete the MDGs especially goal number 1, would be very beneficial for the Cambodians as the government could focus on developing the different trades and work on creating a safer, sustainable and productive future.ComparisonSingapore and Cambodia are both located in South eastward Asia, but there are some major differences between them. For example, Singapore has completed all of the 8 development goals, while Cambodia has only completed just one to date. Singapores G.D.P is $292.4 (US) Billion compared to Cambodias $30.13 Billion (US). Singapore is ranked 41st for G.D.P in the world compared to Cambodia at 108th. In the Human Development Index, Singapore is ranked 27th compared to Cambodias 124th.The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative beat of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living for countries worldwide. There are many different methods of comparing the two countries and in nearly all of them, Singapore and the other developed countries will be higher ranked. That is why we must(prenominal) globally focus on helping the developing countries and the Millennium Development Goals are a great system for identifying and solving the issues that are faced.How we can helpPoverty and Hunger can cause plumping problems in development and they need to approached globally. This does not mean though, that the only people that can help are governments, charities and large corporations. No, individuals are able to help in many ways. From simple things like donating money to a charity or raising awareness to organizing a full blown fund-raising event. Every thought and donation counts. Due to technological advances and increased popularity of social networks in recent years, a new window of opportunity for awareness and donation has been created. Facebook is an example. Currently, the website can boast the number of memberships is over 1 billion users.This is a long target audience and provides easy methods of awareness. Simple ideas such as creating a group or a page providing information and awareness on a chosen M.D.G or charity, then inviting your friends who then take back it on. Another interesting website is http//www.free strain.com/. This website gives the user questions on a variety of topics and states that they will donate 10 grains of rice to the World Food Program whenever you answer the question correctly. This is possible through the use of sponsors on the page. This is a great idea and it allows users to have a sense of physically

What is happening to the Amazon Rainforest

The amazon rain forest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world which covers over five and half a trillion squ be kilometers. Over half of the Amazon is located in Brazil but also in southwest the Statesn countries Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Bolivia and Suriname. (Science Kids, 2013). During the past 40 years, 20% of the Amazon rainforest has been cut down pat(p), this percentage could be higher but was not put in account due to logging. this causes footing and shows that on that point is less(prenominal) seen cuts. Scientists says that 20% trees could be lost in the next two decades.(National Geographic, 1996)The Amazon gets worse and worse all time it is observed. The main cause for this is deforestation. This investigation will show what is happening to the Amazon Region and what could be the management for it. Socially, the main cause for rainforest destruction is deforestation which is done by humans, who are at fault for it. Deforestation is the process of cutting down, damaging and burning a rainforest. Every year an sports stadium of a rainforest is cut down and destroyed. The plants and animals that used to live there die or hold somewhere else. at that place are many reasons are for wood, market-gardening, land for poor farmers, cattle, paper, road construction and extraction of minerals and energy. In 2005 and 2010 the Amazon had the worst droughts ever recorded. Rivers dried up, communities were isolated and land was burned. The smoke interfered with transportation and blocked the establishment of rain clouds. This burnt carbon dioxide and worsened the effects in climate change. The flooding of damns and wildfires destroy rainforest and migrants clear the land to keep some for themselves.This shows that people dont really care about how much damage is caused for the rainforest but only about themselves and the things they command to do. (SlideShare, 2013) This affects the rainforest because if people keep damagin g the rainforest, there will be no rainforest left. Economically whats happening the Amazon is mostly because of logging, fires, mining, agriculture, cattle farm and currency devaluation. The Amazon Rain forest is cleared out to raise cattle and to produce beef, this representation that many different species of animals are losing their habitats and this leads to extinction.The human population is growing faster and faster and this means we need to a greater extent food. The Amazon is societys best way of clearing out cattle to produce food. As the rainforest is losing its ability to stay green because of fires but this means that much trees, plants and move of the forest are cosmos slaughtered. (SlideShare, 2013) One of the main causes of the rainforest destruction is logging. Many types of wood is used for the furniture, floor, constructions and tropical forests in Africa, Asia and South America.When people buy certain wood products they are usually from the Amazon, this cau ses destruction of the Amazon Rainforest. Poor farmers in the world rely on clearing rainforest land to feed their families. Without access to better agriculture land most people burn and clear patches of forest land. Agricultural companies have started clearing more rainforest than before, specially in the amazon where places are converted into soybean farms. Apparently South America will have an area of farmland coming for the Amazon rainforest.This means that it will cause more damage and destruction for the Amazon. (Mongabay. com, 2005). This affects everyone that like specific woods that come from the Amazon, because if trees keep getting cut down no one will get the furniture, floor or constructions they want. Scientist say 4C rise will kill 85% of the Amazon Rainforest, even small temperate would cause 20-40% within 100 years. Global thaw will wreck attempts tom save the Amazon as, there is a prediction one-third of trees are killed by small temperatures rises.(The Guardian, 2013)This means that climate is a big issue in the Amazon and that it is change everything within in. If the climate continues killing the Rainforest, under 300 years the whole Amazon would be destroyed. There are possible strategies for a sustainable management for the Amazon rainforest. These include Agro-forestry- growing trees and crops at the uniform times. This means that farmers can take advantage of shelters from canopy of trees. It will also prevent soil erosion. selective logging- trees are cut down when they reach are particular height.This allows young trees to have a all-night life span. The forest will be fresh fore 30-50 years. Protect particular areas from exploitation. This saves some wildlife and parts of the forest and does not let humans invade on them. Monitoring- use technology/photography to bump no illegal activities take place and everything is in order. Afforestation- opposite of deforestation, if trees are cut they are replace to maintain the canopy. Education make sure people who explore the Amazon understand their boundaries, actions and consequences. (Bitesize, 2013)

Classroom Management Plan Essay

I forego al whiz give the honorable environs for every students to learn. I ordain generate energy, ideas and opportunities to foster student achievement. I depart motivate learners to high academic achievement. I get issue cargon for, love and understand my students. I allow for center my decision devising ab stunned programme around my students. I provide never feel that I cannot better myself as a t to each oneer. My philosophic Beliefs Ab divulge Teaching In evaluating my philosophy for my future memoriseing career, I stand been very disadvantageously considering my prizes and beliefs virtually discipline, my make carry a flairment style and the social goals for my students.As organization is one of my nip priorities as a student, I lead strive to be as nonionized as come-at- up to(p) when I start my career. My goal is to organize the logistics of my schooling populate so that I can make my menageroom student-centered quite of teacher-centered. I val ue the education process, and young minds and new ideas never cease to intrigue me. I am committed to making my schoolroom a unattackable and challenging environment and engaging my students done the platform as tumesce as getting to go them and inter typifying with them one-on-one.I bank that meet the postulate of my students is a very crucial part of my schoolroom. I want them to be comfortable with the some other students, as well as me, so that at that place can be meaningful discussions and interactions. Talking exit be common flummox in my classroom, along with group work. I want to encourage all students to insert in class so that they can learn from each other as well as me. I want to experience a democratic and equitable classroom so that students can learn. I want to be a fair as I can be, so the students trust me.I feel that I concur a very patient and calm attitude with my class. I entreat students about their life outside of class and feel that they r espond in class even more, know that someone is paying attention to them. I want them to feel comfortable asking questions of me. I prize my attitude towards the students is not overbearing or authoritative. I do not intrust in forcing the students to do some(prenominal)thing. I want to work with them in all circumstances so that we can achieve in concert and they do not feel like I am spoon-feeding them information.I want students to be a part of their learning. I want to motivate students to learn and keep their interest by using engaging curriculum. I want to involve students in rules about the classroom as well as what curriculum they would like to study. I entrust if students feel they are involved in the workss of the classroom, they leave be more motivated to engage in the class and in turn, learn. In order to be as organized as possible, the structure of my classroom allow for be variable, al gloomying me to change parts of my plan from form to year.I realize that t his management plan is a work in progress and what I value now as important points to address in my starting signal management plan may ultimately come easily to me with experience and other issues of management may require more attention than those I micturate addressed. In order for my classroom management plan to be effective it consumes to reorient with my beliefs and values. in that respectfore, I go for chosen the theories and practices that reflect my personal teaching style. There are numerous beliefs and practices that come as the foundation on which I am building my classroom management plan.I guess that the teacher and students should work cooperatively together in order to grow a safe and inviting classroom. Linda Alberts Cooperative Discipline theory emphasizes that the teacher and students should work together to make class decisions. Albert recomm wind ups informing and involving the students rises in class decisions as well. This can be accomplished by imp lementing what Albert notes to as the Three Cs connections, contri neverthelessions, and capabilities. I agree with Albert that the classroom should be safe and free of threat for all students.The classroom should be a go down that the students feel welcome. If the students are contri entirelying to the class, they will feel as if they are an summation to the class. Finally, I believe that the teacher and students should work together because it is essential to developing a community of learners. I believe in creating a code of conduct cooperatively as a class. This belief coincides with Linda Alberts Cooperative Discipline as well. A class code of conduct indicates how students are expected to set instead of how they should not be dupe.Albert states that the teachers and students should work together to determine consequences for when a student does not follow the class code of conduct. When the students are involved in the determining the consequences, Albert feels the student s are more likely to follow them because they are connected to them. I believe that having a class code of conduct in the classroom allows the students to know how they are expected to behave. The students will be more likely to flirt with what is expected of them because they were involved in creating the expectations. Therefore, the students feel as if the expectations are reasonable and can be met.I like that the teacher is not enunciateing the students how to behave. I feel that students should play an active role in the classroom, and that students are capable of making well decisions. I will be incontestable to place the code of conduct in a visible spot in the classroom so the students can refer back to it. I believe in using I- nubs to communicate my feelings to the students. This practice is antedated by Thomas Gordon in his theory of Discipline by dint of and through Inner Self-Control. I-messages allow the teacher to share their personal opinion with the students in a non-threatening way.On the other hand, you-messages blame the students for their fashion which causes the students to become defensive. I believe that the teacher should have open communication with students, save in a positive way that creates a safe environment. This method could be taught to the students as well in order to athletic supporter them solve conflicts. I believe that teachers should encourage their students. William Glasser refers to teachers who provide encouragement to their students as lead teachers. Glasser states that teachers should not try to force information into their students.This makes common sense to me because who likes to be forced to do something. I agree with Glasser that the students motivation to learn resides within themselves. It will be my personal line of credit as a teacher to spark their interest to learn. Therefore, as a teacher I will compulsion to create engaging activities, and be there to provide support to the students as necessar y. I believe in creating a sense of community in my classroom. Alfie Kohn mentions that classrooms should be learning communities in Beyond Discipline. A classroom should be a place where the students feel cared about and are encouraged to care about others.Eventually, the students will pop to feel connected to one another and trip up themselves as part of the whole class. I believe that in order for my classroom to be an effective learning environment the students need to feel comfortable. A sense of community will encourage my students to be active participants in class matters. I believe that the teacher should teach life skills to the students so that they can be successful not only in the classroom, but in life as well. Kagan, Kyle, and Scotts Win-Win Strategies advertize the use of life skills in the classroom.They refer to life skills such as self-control, anger management, good judgment, and empathy. These theorists believe that if the students require these skills they w ill be able to live more successfully. I believe that teachers are responsible for preparing students for life so this theory matches my belief. after my students leave my classroom, I want to meet them succeed in life. I am strong truster that one needs to be the change that one wants to see in the world so I will model these life skills for my students. I believe that a teacher should handle behavior chores privately.If the teacher essential get involved, Glasser believes that the teacher should do so in way that does not punish the student. I am going to canvas this one step farther, and say that the teacher should talk to this student in private about his/her behavior. Hopefully, the student and I will be able to determine a longterm source for the behavior problem. I believe that students should be taught procedures in order to maximize their learning and show them responsibility. The Wongs Pragmatic Classroom Management Plan supports this belief. Harry and Rosemary Wong state that roughly students will act responsibly if taught the procedures to do so.They believe students achievement is affected by how well the procedures are laid out and taught to them. I agree with Harry and Rosemary Wong that procedures are an important aspect of a classroom. I believe that procedures provide students with a structure that lets them know what is expected of them. This will help cut down on disruptions if the students are not confused about what they are supposed to be doing. Management Plan Goals Having the right environment for all students to learn. The ability to manage tikerens behavior. Students will have a complete arrangement of the classroom rules.Keep parents involved and in the know of their child and the classroom. Instructional strategies will be taught to the beaver of my ability. Physical Environment The importance and build of a properly designed early childhood classroom cannot be over-emphasized when providing a learning environment for c hildren. I will provide in my classroom safe and orderly spaces, filled with a variety of materials that will make the classroom more satisfying for both the teacher and the children. Furthermore, well-designed eye sockets will decrease the number of conflicts that may arise.Quite naturally, any space must fit out all the activities it will be required to house. Therefore, when making my classroom environment safe and orderly, I must make accommodations to have certain spaces to be multipurpose. It will be very important to make sure these areas, as well as other areas in the classroom, are filled with a variety of materials organized into appropriate activity areas. Clearly defined interest areas will allow young children to work trounce in small groups where they can learn to relate to other children, establish friendships, and solve problems together.The use of low furniture in these areas will allow me to see into all areas while at the same cartridge holder giving children a sense of privacy. Use of low furniture overly helps define work spaces that help children concentrate because they will not be distracted by other activities taking place in other areas. These different areas will be defined by what activities will be taking place in them. For example, I will have such areas as dramatic play, art area, building area, recognition/sensory area, game area, and quiet area. I will alike make sure to provide an area where children can relax and be alone with friends.This space will have large pillows, beanbags, and carpet. This so called salving area is very important for young children because it is important to their mental health and it promotes positive behavior because children who cast sour long hours in a group environment need quartetteth dimension to themselves where they can rest. When it comes to supplies and materials in the room, they should be displayed on low shelves where children can reach what they need. This helps promote indep endence because the children will be responsible in getting materials out and putting them away.When displaying materials on shelves they must be in the area where they will be used. I will place labels and pictures showing where each object belongs. Logical grouping of materials promotes their appropriate use. Labeling the place for each object helps children maintain a clean and orderly environment. When it comes to the teachers supplies and materials, I will keep them up and away from the children so that they cannot access them. When the children walk through the door, they will be take in with all different colors coming from the pictures and posters on the walls.I hope to have a room with big windows that allow for natural lighting. The pictures I will have on the wall will be displayed on the childrens eye level, thus children will take better notice. I will also display the work of the children. Displaying their original artwork shows them respect and value for their hard w ork and effort. One coda important thing to me, when it comes to the physical environment of my classroom, is that I will make sure the classroom materials will reflect the cultural richness of our society, the backgrounds and life experiences of the children, and people with different abilities.Children need materials they can relate to through past experiences, in the first place they are asked to learn new concepts. A respect for diversity is important for individuation and self-esteem. Behavior Management Many disputes and conflicts can be prevented by careful supply and with positive large(p) support. There is always a reason behind childrens behavior. Misbehavior is usually directed at achieving one of quartette goals revenge, power, attention, and/or feelings of adequacy. I know I cant force a child to change his or her way of behaving, I can only change the way I behave with the child.My ultimate goal in behavior management and child guidance is not to manage childrens behavior, but to help children manage their own behavior. I am aware that conflict situations provide important learning opportunities for children. Therefore, when it comes to classroom management, I will not deprive the children these opportunities to learn problem- closure skills. My role as a teacher in childrens conflicts is to de-escalate them when the children can no longer work out their problems by themselves. When I communicate with the children in my classroom I will use I statements instead of you statements.I will use gentle body language and make sure that I take heed to both sides of the issue. I will try to focus on the present and future of the childs behavior instead of past behavior. Also, I will focus on the childs behavior and not the child. Most importantly I will keep in my mind the needs of each child and their best interest when it comes to fixing their misdeed, and not focus on my best interest. My classroom rules will consist of four basic principles. Tho se four basic principles will be caring, honesty, respect, and responsibility. I believe any rule thought up by a child can fit into one of these four basicprinciples. For example, if a child is not keeping their body to themselves, they are not respecting the other childs space. That is why I will not have a angle of inclination of rules in my classroom, but rather have these four principles stick on in my classroom where every child will see them. Therefore, when a child is not following the rules I will state what they are doing wrong and how it relates to one of the four principles. When it comes to classroom management and discipline, I will not use punishment, but formal consequences. There are two character references of logical consequences.They are naturally occurring consequences and imposed consequences. Naturally occurring consequences usually occur when the problem belongs to the individual on whom the consequences fall. For example, Sally leaves her coat out on the playground and when she goes back for it, the coat is gone. I thence say to her, I am sorry that it is gone and narrate her it is her responsibility to keep fall into place of it. Imposed consequences often occur when a behavior creates a problem for another person who then must impose consequences in order to change the behavior of the individual creating the problem.When I impose logical consequences on the children in my classroom I will try to keep certain things in my mind. much(prenominal) things as being a consultant in helping the child solve his or her own problem. Keep the burden of the solution on the child and not me while implying that the child is capable of solving his or her own problem. I must also tie the time and/or place of the misbehavior to the consequence. These are just a couple of ways I will try to manage childrens behavior in my classroom. Parent Communication One of the most vital parts of teaching children and managing a classroom is communicating wi th their families.There is no one right way to communicate with parents, therefore as a teacher, I have to utilize many different methods to communicate with parents to build rapport. One of the first methods I am going to use is a parent board. On the parent board will be pictures of the activities the children have been doing and other information such as the weekly curriculum and things the children have to get from home to school. I will have the parent board on a table where there will also be a notebook where parents can leave me messages, and where I can leave them messages.I will also have monthly newsletters to the parents that I will set out on the parent table. Another way I will communicate with parents is by having parents come into the classroom and be a classroom helper. I would try to get every parent to come into the classroom at least(prenominal) one time during the school and spend the mean solar solar daylight with their child or at least a couple hours. Thi s would help me to get to know the parents of the children I teach and this would give me a good chance to build rapport with the parents so that communication will be made easier.Some of the most basic methods I will use to help me communicate with parents are by use of the telephone. I will call parents when need be and make sure that they know they can call me when needed. Finally, the live on way I will communicate with parents is by talking to them face to face. Things I know to remember when talking to a parent are to first approach them with a smile or winning look and then introduce myself if I have not ever done so in the past. I will always try to start out the conversation with the parent with something positive about their child.If I were communicating with the parent because of a problem their child is having in my class, I would first tell them the issue at hand and then offer some possible solutions. I then would tell them what I want their role to be after I let th em talk about what solutions they have. If they need to further talk to me I would offer them other times they can talk to me. I also would give them other possible people to talk to if they feel that they need to. When communicating with a parent I want them to feel that they can ask me questions about their childs education or other issues they might have.If I cant answer their questions, I will flat out tell them I dont know the answer, but I will find out. I also will make sure not to make promises I cant keep. If need be, I will always make myself available for a teacher-parent conference when catalogued ahead of time Instructional Strategies and Methods When it comes to instructional preparation in my classroom I am going to start with the pop Academic Standards. The reason I am going to start with the standards is because in the classroom the students are working towards a goal, and those goals should be set higher than the standards.If I do not teach my students to at lea st the level of the Pennsylvania standards, then I have not set the goals high enough for my instructional planning. If I set goals for my instructional planning, that gives me a start in what direction I need to go in my lesson planning. The second step I am going to take in my instructional planning is assessment. I have to measure the progress of achieving my goals by doing assessments of my students. Two kinds of assessment I will be doing are what you would call summative assessment and diagnostic assessment.The summative assessment will be tests, examinations, last(a) projects, or other things depending on grade level of the students. These types of assessments will tell me if the students are learning the objectives and making progress towards meeting the goals. On the other hand I will use diagnostic forms of assessments when it comes to planning on how far I have to go to get my students to reach the goals or in meeting the standards. I will use diagnostic assessment at th e beginning of the school year and in front I begin each new unit. The third step in my instructional planning is planning for the long-term.My long-term plan will be as simple as planning my year end academic goals and group those goals into some discrete units to make sure that I cover my long-term academic goals. When it comes to the delivery of my lessons, I am going to keep it as simple as possible. Even though there are many different formats of lesson plans I can use, there is one general way I can make all the different types of lesson plans fit me. Using the following format to teach my lessons will help my students obtain the goals and objectives of my lessons. The format I will use is to first introduce the lesson. accordingly have an opening to the lesson, which is when I will tell the students what they will learn and why it is important. Next, I introduce the new material and teach it to the students. Afterwards, I allow time for guided practice and then self-employe d person practice. These two areas are where I make some informal assessments to check to see if the students learned the objectives. Last, but not least comes the closing. This is where I stress the connection of the lesson and check the students understanding by doing some type of assessment, usually a summative form of assessment. Schedules and Routines.When I go to a class, I like to see a schedule of what we are working on for the day. I believe that all students should be precondition this courtesy of knowing what is going to be happening during the school day by reading a daily schedule of the days activities. I will always have the schedule affix at the front of the class, each day updating any changes in the schedule. In addition, I will list the specifics of the day for instance, what we are working on that day in math. I have seen schedules that list the basic outline of the day math, language arts, social studies, lunch and science.I would like to take the schedule one step farther and include some details about the day and what will be happening. Not only are daily schedules helpful for students to see what is happening during a given school day, but my daily schedule will allow me to evaluate my the activities in my classroom, assuring that the type and variety of activities are appealing to different types of learning situations. Also, I want to find a good sleep between teacher directed instruction, independent work and cooperative group work. Repetitious activities can sometimes impede the school day as it may evoke comments such as Were doing this again? However, having figures in which students can predict what will happen can ease the transition from the bus, car or the walk to school to the classroom. To be specific, I will have a beginning of the day routine and an end of the day routine, so that I maintain consistency each day and convey the message that in our class, we use all of our time together to learn and we do not like to d ecompose time. For my start of the day routine, I will play music as the students walk in. I will play quiet music that sets the olfactory modality for the day a warm and relaxing learning environment where we are safe and tack together to learn.I will have a welcome message posted on the board with a list of housekeeping items to do onwards we get settled for the day sharpen pencils, turn in homework, put coats and backpacks away. In addition to this everyday welcome, I will have a list of activities that students can work on from previous days of school, including plenty of options to accommodate those that have finished all of their work. Also, I will greet my students as they enter the classroom, talking to each student as they get settled for their day, ensuring that I get to see each student and have hand with each one first thing in the morning.At the end of the day, I will take the last ten minutes to wrap up the day. I will post an end of the day wrap up list on the ove rhead for students to use a guide to get ready to go home. I will have mailboxes with the days handouts in them and my students can collect these handouts and place them in their take home folder. Then I will ask groups to get their backpacks and put away all of their materials. I will ask that they clear off their desks and the area on the floor around their desks so that the custodian does not have to clean up after us.As the students line up to go home, I will have my goodbye salutation a piece of poster paper with four types of goodbyes a handshake, high five, or smile. The students can pick any combination of these goodbyes when the leave. I want to have this goodbye so that I can be sure to have contact with each of my students before they leave for to go home. In doing this, I want to convey to my students that I care about them and I want to wish them a safe trip home and tell them that I look anterior to seeing them tomorrow.By having structured routines for the beginning and end of the day, I will be setting the tone for the school day. For the beginning of the day, I want to imply that we structure our mornings so that we can get off to a good start with our minds and materials ready for the day. At the end of the day, I want to bring the day to a close with daily routine to ensure that my students understand that every part of our school day together is as valuable as any other part. Individualization In order to promote individualization and responsible behavior, I will implement a job chart where students will have jobs throughout the week.I will have paper passers, overhead cleaners, board erasers, recyclers, lunch duty, and line leaders. I will introduce these jobs on the first day of school and assign jobs to random students. Emphasizing the importance of the jobs will enhance the students desire to have the job to demonstrate their responsible behavior. I will have a policy stating that any student who cannot demonstrate responsible behavior and reliably complete their job will have to give up their job title and a different student will get their job.I have seen such a job system in another classroom in which I worked and this system was very successful in creating a sense of responsibility among students. upbraiding As I complete my management plan, I feel that I am fully active to teach tomorrow. However, I know that that is not the case. My management plan will forever be ontogeny and changing. My management plan focuses on the students needs in my class. By organizing many structured components of the school, I am attempting to prepare myself for any discipline problems that may occur.I will organize many aspects of my class before the year starts, but I will also sit down with my students during the first weeks of school and have discussions about rules and expectations to determine what they need from me and from each other. While I know that some misbehavior will occur in my classroom, I am instituting this plan to assist me in dealing with these issues as they occur. I believe classroom management is the key that unlocks the ability for children to learn and in creating an environment where children feel safe.I will set high expectations and encourage my students to succeed. Finally, my classroom management will not only be about creating a good rapport with the students, but creating a rich and engaging curriculum. References Albert, Linda, Pete DeSisto, and Linda Albert. (1996) Cooperative Discipline. tidy sum Pines, MN American Guidance Service. Web. Guillaume, Andrea M. (2004). K-12 Classroom Teaching A Primer for New Professionals. Upper rouse River, NJ Pearson/Merrill/Prentice Hall. Print.